Ensuring access to health care (on the example, Novo Nordisk). Comparison of of different companies: sales growth and margin, ROE, returns stock price. Relationship between ATM index and stock returns. Strategic pillars of the pharmaceutical companies.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease. Factors contributing to its the development. Esophageal symptoms of GERD. Aim of treatment. Change the life style. A basic medical treatment for GERD includes the use of prokinetic drugs with antisecretory agents.

Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung—affecting primarily the microscopic air sacs known as alveoli. The bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common cause of pneumonia. Symptoms, diagnostics, treatment and prevention of this disease.

Principles and types of screening. Medical equipment used in screening. identify The possible presence of an as-yet-undiagnosed disease in individuals without signs or symptoms. Facilities for diagnosis and treatment. Common screening programmes.

Factors associated with increased risk of deformities in specialty physician. The most important factor in preventing burnout is likely to be considered meeting the need for self-actualization, which is the central concept of humanistic psychology.

The history of the public health system in Kazakhstan. Human resources, the capacity of organizations and reform of the health system. Pharmaceutical market in the country. Priority sectors of the medical equipment market. Medical education and science.

Etiology and pathogenesis, types, treatment of pulpits. Inflammation of dental pulp. An infection (microorganisms) which penetrats in the cavity of pulp chamber. Test of healthy pulp. Tapping of tooth directly. Root canal treatment. Tooth extraction.

Study of method of determining the amount of osteocyte lacunar and estimation of specific numerical closeness of lacunes by a three-dimensional impartial expecting method at the analysis of anisotropy of types of the vascular ductings of human bone.

Клинический диагноз, анамнез жизни и заболевания больной с S-образным правосторонним грудным сколиозом 2-3 степени. Данные объективного, лабораторного и инструментального методов исследования. Назначенные формы, средства и методы лечебной физкультуры.

Improvement of antibiotic production. Use of antibiotics in human, veterinary and plant medicine. Genetic manipulation of antibiotic producers. Influence of low molecular compounds. Conservation of microorganisms. Protection of workers and life safety.

A brief sketch of the life and professional development of Botkin as the Russian scientist, a gifted doctor. Botkin's value in world medicine, assessment of its scientific achievements. Analysis and themes of famous doctor, the direction of its research.

The main clinical manifestation of intestinal lymphangiectasia is a syndrome of malabsorption: diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain. In some cases, steatorrhea of varying severity occurs. Cystic cavity, deforming the villus. Hematoxylin and eosin stein.

Таксономия возбудителей. Их морфологические, тинкториальные, культуральные и ферментативные свойства, резистентность. Антигенная структура рода стрептококков. Источники инфекции и механизм ее передачи. Диагностика, профилактика и лечение заболеваний.

Tachycardia is a heart rate that exceeds the normal range. Symptoms and treatment methods of tachycardia. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to classify the type of tachycardia. It's important to get a prompt, accurate diagnosis and appropriate care.

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone that is present in both men and women. How to get a test for testosterone correctly. Testosterone in men: the norm and deviation. What diseases involve reduction of testosterone. Too much testosterone.

The definition of alcohol abuse, its symptoms, signs and association with violence. The characteristic of binge drinking. Economic, biologic and social factors of alcohol dependence, the prevention measures of it in The United States and Europe.

The history of plague. The disease. Mortality. Physicians. The physicians of the fourteenth century and the Black Death. Effects of The Black Death: religion, other effects. The Black Death in European architecture as in literature.

The brain as one of the largest and most complex organ in the human body. The physiological function of the brain, its divisions and share. The cerebral cortex of man. The principles of domination of the right and left hemispheres of different people.

Acromegaly as an rare syndrome that result when the anterior pituitary gland produces excess growth hormone. Signs and symptoms, etiology and pathogenesis. The complications of acromegaly. Treatment: Hormone therapy, surgery on the pituitary gland.

The development of modern medicine. The creation of internal organs, implants. The use of modern orthopaedics mechanical devices. The replacement of lost parts of the human body by means of surgical operations. Bridge denture. The use of prostheses.

The endocrine system is a control system of ductless glands that secrete hormones within specific organs. Exocrine function of pancreas. Ferments and secretion of digestive juice. Mixed endocrine and exocrine glands are the pancreas, ovaries and testes.

The structure of the human lung: diaphragmatic, rib, interlobar and medial surface; front, rear and bottom edges; tip and base. Gaseous exchange in the alveoli and bronhyoly. Lung volumes and capacities. Peak flow and causes of narrowing of the airways.

General characteristics of antibiotics. Production of penicillin, statement of the process. Fermentation, filtering, pre-treatment of native solution. Extraction, purification of penicillin, isolation of crystalline salts. The thermal properties of air.

The concept and the internal structure of the human respiratory system, the relationship of the individual components and functions, the value in the living organism. Principles of breathing gas composition.Scheme of the human respiratory system.

The structures of bronchi and bronchioles that terminate with the alveolar ducts, sacs, and, finally, alveoli - that are contained within the lungs. The trachea, also called the windpipe, is part of the passageway that supplies air to the lungs.

Concept and characteristics of focal pneumonia, her clinical picture and background. The approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, used drugs and techniques. Recent advances in the study of focal pneumonia. The forecast for recovery.

Physical meaning of electron paramagnetic resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance. Splitting of energy levels. Zeeman effect. Spin probe. Device and mechanism of spectrometer and introscopy. The usage of EPR specters, NMR in medico-biological researches.

Вирусы группы TORCH, их опасность для жизни и здоровья плода. Главные последствия инфицирования беременной женщины краснухой, токсоплазмозом, цитомегаловирусом и герпесом. Симптомы и признаки заболеваний. Источники болезней, основной путь передачи.

Внутриутробное заражение инфекционными заболеваниями. Понятие TORCH-инфекций как группы заболеваний, передающихся внутриутробно от матери к ребенку и вызывающих врожденные дефекты и заболевания. Опасные для плода инфекции. Причины и риски инфицирования.

Causes of ischemic stroke. Assessment of individual risk for cardiovascular disease in humans. The development in patients of hypertension and coronary heart disease. Treatment in a modern hospital disorders biomarkers of coagulation and fibrinolysis.