Automation of business processes in hospitals

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Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan

International university of information technology

Faculty of information technology

Department of information systems and mathematical modeling

GRADUATION PAPER

Automation of business processes in hospitals

Major 5B070300 - Information systems

Done by: Izenov Ye.N.

Reviewer: Research advisor:

Doctor of physical and mathematical sciences,

Associate Professor Mukimbekov M. Zh

Senior Lecturer Omarov B.S.

Almaty 2013

CONTENT

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

1 ANALYTICAL PART

1.1 Technical and economic characteristics of medical institutions. Characteristics and activities. Management and organizational structure

1.2 Characterization of complex tasks, objectives and necessity of automation

1.2.1 Selecting complex problems in order to automate

1.2.2 Determination of the place of the tasks in complex problems

1.2.3 Necessity of the use IT to solve the problems

1.2.4 Analysis of the system of information security and data protection

1.3 Analysis of the existing development. The choice of strategy automation

1.3.1 Analysis of existing development to automate tasks

1.3.2 Selection and justification of automation strategy objectives

1.3.3 Choice and substantiation of acquisition of systems to automate tasks

2 PROJECT PART

2.1 Development of an automation project

2.1.1 Stages of the project life cycle automation

2.1.2 Anticipated risks to the life cycle and their description

2.1.3 Organizational, legal software and hardware-based security

2.2 Information support tasks

2.2.1 The information model of the problem and its description

2.2.2 The actors of the system. The behavior of the system

2.2.3 Physical scheme of interaction of individual parts of information system

2.2.4 Function and purpose of individual components of the designed system

3 EXPERIMENTAL PART

3.1 “Manager” type user functions

3.2 “Patient” type user functions

3.2.1 Giving access to organization

3.2.2 Medical card functions

3.3 “Doctor” type user functions

3.3.1 Creating a departments and view departments list in a hospital

3.3.2 Getting all doctors who works in an organization

3.3.3 Getting all patients who registered in the organization. Creating medical card for patient

3.3.4 Realizing requests from patients. Treating activities

4 SUBSTANTIATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

4.1 Selection and justification of the methods of calculating cost-effectiveness

4.2 Calculation of economic efficiency of the project

5 LABOR PROTECTION AND INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY

5.1 General information about health and organization safety

5.1.1 Room planning and equipment placement

5.1.2 Ergonomic solutions for workplace organization

5.2 Identifying hazardous and harmful factors. Creating sustainable lighting

5.3 Noise protection

5.4 Calculation of ventilation

5.5 Providing electrical safety

5.6 Fire protection

5.7 Accident prevention

CONCLUSION

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A

АНДАТПА

Дипломды? жобаны? та?ырыбы - «Медицина орталы?тарыны? ?ызметтерін автоматтандыру». ?азіргі кезде медициналы? мекемелер экономикалы? тиімді ж?не нары?ты медициналы? ?ызметпен ?амтамас ету ?стінде. Б?л ма?сат?а жету ?шін е? мы?ты жолдарды? бірі ол мекеме ?ызметтерін автоматтандыру болып табылады.

Негізгі с?здер: а?паратты? ж?йе, электронды? ??жат айналым, ке?се тіркеушісі.

Дипломды? жоба м?тіні 69 пара?тан, 23 суреттен, 12 формуладан, 3 кестеден, 22 схемадан, 28 пайдаланыл?ан дерекк?здерден т?ратын т?сініктеме хатынан т?рады.

Дипломды? жобада андатпа, кіріспе, 5 тарау, т?жырымдар мен ?сыныстар ж?не ?дебиеттер ?сыныл?ан.

Кіріспеде та?далып алын?ан та?ырыпты? к?кейтестілігі негізделеді, зерттеуді? ма?саты мен міндеттері ай?ындалып, зерттеуді? объектісі мен м?н-ма?ынасы к?рсетілген.

Автоматтандыру ж?йелері ?азыр ?те тез даму ?ст?інде ж?не б?л болаша?та негізгі медицинаны дамыту ба?ыттарыны? бірі юолады деп айту?а болады. Айтылмыш ж?мыста ж?йені? медицина мекемесін автоматтандыру ?шін ?алай ??рыл?аны туралы тал?ылан?ан.

?р т?рлі технологияларды? ж?не ?дістемелерді? к?мегімен ??рыл?ан ж?йе ?р?ашанда ма?ызды, тиімді ж?не адаптивті болып келеді. Ж?йе мекемені? медицина мекемелеріні? бизнес процестерін о?айландыруына к?мектеседі ж?не емделуші деректеріні? ?ауіпсіздігіне ?лкен ?лес ?осады.

Т?жырымда таол?ылан?ан ж?йені енгізу ж?не автоматтандыру бойынша ж?мыс тиімділігін арттыру?а арнал?ан негізгі т?жырымдар мен ?сыныстар келтірілген.

ABSTRACT

The topic of this project diploma is “Automation business processes in hospitals”. Today's healthcare organizations are striving to provide timely, cost effective and quality medical services. The first step to achieve this is to automate the present processes.

Key words: information system, e-workflow, office of the registrar.

The graduate paper consists of an explanatory statement containing 69 pages of text, figures - 23, formulas - 12, tables - 3, circuits - 22, the sources used - 28.

The graduate paper are includes an abstract, an introduction, 5 chapters, conclusions and proposals, and literature.

The introduction defines the urgency of the chosen topic, the purpose and objectives of the study, states the object and subject of study.

The automation process systems in hospitals experience a fast development and healthcare is predicted to be one of its major growth areas. In this thesis, we explore how the system can be used to build a smart hospital.

Indeed, the system used in combination with different technologies and methodologies giving a significant efficiency and flexibility for the project. The system helps optimizing business processes in healthcare and improves patient safety.

The conclusion contains the main findings and suggestions for improving the efficiency of the implementation and automation of the system.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Темой дипломного проекта является «Автоматизация бизнес процессов медицинских учреждений». На данный момент здравоохранение стремится обеспечить своевременные, экономически эффективные и качественные медицинские услуги. Первым шагом к достижению этой цели является автоматизация процессов существующие в настоящее время.

Ключевые слова: информационная система, электронный документооборот, офис - регистратор.

Дипломный проект состоит из пояснительной записки, содержащей 69 страниц текста, рисунков - 23, формул - 12, таблиц - 3, схем - 22, использованных источников - 28.

В дипломном проекте представлены: аннотация, введение, 5 глав, выводы, направления и литература.

Во введении обосновывается актуальность выбранной темы, формулируются цель и задачи исследования, указывается объект и предмет исследования.

Системы автоматизации процессов в больницах испытывают быстрое развитие и можно уверенно говорить то, что это будет одним из основных направлений для развития медицинских учреждений. В данной работе мы рассматриваем систему, которая может быть использована для создания автоматизированных функций медицинских учреждений.

Система, используемая в сочетании с помощью различных технологий и методик, дает значительную эффективность и гибкость для проекта. Система помогает оптимизировать бизнес-процессы в области здравоохранения и обеспечивает надежную сохранность данных пациента.

Заключение содержит основные выводы и направления, которые предназначены для повышения эффективности работы по внедрению и автоматизации процессов медицинских учреждений.

INTRODUCTION

Throughout the world, healthcare organizations are facing challenging times. Firstly, costs continue to increase, regulations keep growing, and consumers are demanding more attention and care over their health. Secondly, healthcare professionals face many challenges because they try to deliver high-quality care to patients, manage a broad range of administrative tasks. The foundation for each of these activities is management.

The successful operation of any modern enterprise is impossible without effective management. The organization of effective management is possible only by the full range of automation of whole institution. This is especially true of such specific areas which provide medical services. Automation can reduce costs, improve efficiency and achieve capabilities not previously available using a paper document. We can see the benefits of automation activities providing that automate all the activities of enterprise, the whole complex of its tasks. Using business process automation systems which could make dramatic improvements in record keeping and monitoring reduces the risk of records being lost or incomplete, thus providing a higher level of service to patients.

Business process automation solutions provide the tools, technologies, infrastructure to automate complex business processes and increase the quality of patient care while simultaneously driving out costs through greater efficiencies. By automating business processes, removing manual tasks and eliminating error of information, business process automation increases personal and organizational productivity which enables healthcare organizations to deliver results faster and with higher quality.

Nevertheless, you should know technology by itself is not the solution and by one only system we cannot to solve the problems. The greatest impact on any healthcare organization is people who are involved by effective methodology. You need a systematic approach and competent experts in the organization of documents as well as in modern computer technology.

In order to achieve an effective management of the enterprise there is a question over the selection and implementation of information processing systems, which will largely influence on the efficiency of any company or organization.

The aim of this diploma work is the substantiation of the development of the system which automates business processes of institutions specializing in the provision of health services to population. The system allows to significantly simplifying the management of paper documents, making required activities in the daily work of medical records and automates operations such as receiving and treating patients' processes in medical institutions and so on.

The system allows the registration, record patient reception and surveys, fill out, view, and edit medical documents. In addition, the system has the ability to store a large collection of medical documents in the database establishment, necessary for conducting a medical history and ambulatory patient card.

By making analysis of the current healthcare system in hospitals a number of problems has identified:

- accumulates a lot of documents where the destination and source are not clear

- the documents and the data contained in them falls into the wrong hands

- the mass of the working time is spent searching for the right of documents and the formation of a collection of documents

- create multiple copies of the same document and spend a lot of money

The introduction of electronic management system will solve all these problems as well as provide well-coordinated work of all departments, simplify paperwork, increase its efficiency, increase employee productivity by reducing the time of creation, processing and retrieval of documents, improve efficiency of access to information.

Based on the above problems, we can formulate a set of tasks to be solved by the introduction of electronic management system:

- analysis of information workflows in the health facilities

- the organization of centralized storage, retrieval, delivery of complex documents

- study of the structure of medical facilities and the identification of the problem being solved through automation

- development of a program that searches for information in the database according to certain criteria

The main technical and economic indicators to be achieved by the implementation of electronic management system:

- reducing the development time of documentation enterprise by hanging performance when working with large amounts of information

- the possibility of operational control

- the ability to monitor the dynamics of the institutions

The relevance and practical significance of the proposed work is to solve the problems associated with the creation of an optimal structure of the program and data storage by an automated information system for health facilities.

The system is implemented as a Web portal with a range of functions. The system can be easily configured to use a particular healthcare setting and is still current with changes in the structure of the hospital or the introduction of new types of medical documents.

The portal does not require the acquisition of third-party paid programs, which significantly reduces the cost of implementation of medical information system.

The portal was developed in conjunction with doctors of various specialties, thus creating the most user-friendly for the employee interface that allows starting the process of implementing the program without prior training.

1 ANALYTICAL PART

1.1 Technical and economic characteristics of medical institutions. Characteristics and activities. Management and organizational structure

Health Care is set of state and public measures for medical care, disease prevention, improve the health of population. In today's environment it is the most important social function of state and it is traditionally the main components which are the preventive and curative care for diseases and injuries, pregnancy and childbirth, children's health care.

Health promotion is becoming increasingly important issues in healthcare. In association with the global scientific and technological progress and the changes of the main types of disease in developed countries, there are new priorities in the development of medical science, medical training systems, and systems of production, supply of medical equipment and supplies, pharmaceuticals.

One of the main objectives of the health institutions is to achieve full contact between patients and specialist agencies for the emergence of an atmosphere of trust and goodwill.

Therefore, nowadays medical institutions are focusing on the reliability of the services provided, the level of service and privacy policy.

All organizations, no matter in what area they are faced with common challenges in the field of management. On the basis of the general laws of lining concrete management practices, depending on the conditions under which they apply. There is no exception and for health care. Specificity management of medical institutions is the fact that health care is a special sphere of activity, which differs significantly from the other activities. Management structures of many modern facilities have been constructed in accordance with the management principles laid down in the distant past:

- the principle of hierarchy of management levels, where each lower level is controlled by a higher authority and obeys him

- the principle of authority and responsibility of managers in the hierarchy

- the principle of division of labor and specialization of the individual functions of employees by function

Organizational structure built in accordance with these principles, called hierarchical structure.

The distribution of work creates some advantages if people of the same profession or performing the same function can be assembled together. This is called a functional organization. Tasks are allocated to it in accordance with professional qualifications. People are a specialty focus in the departments headed by department managers. Functional organization has the following advantages:

- allows you to achieve a high level of specialization

- allows you to manage and control over each activity

- relatively easy to optimize the functional departments of the state

Currently, the organizational structure of the hospital can identify several main areas, each of which has specific tasks. All of them are functionally related, are together and working on the same goal which is a sustainable provision of patient care:

- Therapeutic and diagnostic direction

- Accounting service

- Human resource service

- IT service

- Security service

- Administrative services

automation business hospital



Figure 1.1 The organizational structure of hospitals

1.2 Characterization of complex tasks, objectives and necessity of automation

1.2.1 Selecting complex problems in order to automate

Currently, businesses have to operate in a difficult financial and economic environment. The key to the success of the organization in such circumstances is the most effective organization of the enterprise at all levels. This is a complex task, the successful solution of which is not in any one area of ??science, and usually at the intersection of many disciplines, such as governance and management, logistics, accounting and computer science respectively.

Automation of business processes of the modern enterprise is a necessary and mandatory for its successful operation. It is hard to imagine today organizations which do their processes manually. Information technology allows automating the activities of virtually at all levels of enterprise. Therefore, it is clear that the automation of activity is a key point that must be addressed to the management of organization to work as efficiently as possible.

At the moment, patients documents, records of medical services, admission procedures and records patients to specialists, doctors receive schedule are all recorded and stored in paper form.

In this graduation paper the problems of automation of health care that addresses the following areas of activity will be solved:

- work with patients

- taking into account the logistics

The developed system should meet the following guidelines:

- Organizational scalability. Commissioning into the system initially available, if it is necessary, increase the number of jobs without loss of stored information in the database

- Corporatism. Providing user access if they have the proper credentials to the functions of the system

- Manageability. If there is need for restructuring institutions flexible changeover system does not lead to a halt in its work

- Security. Provision of access to the database system on the rights of users

The developed system has to work without interruption in the event of critical errors, even those that occur because of the user or due to errors in input data. Accordingly, the program section which has the possibility occurrence of such errors has to be processed in a special way in the program.

The program must ensure the physical and logical integrity of the database. Even there is changing or deleting data the program must maintain the referential integrity of the information in the database.

1.2.2 Determination of the place of the tasks in complex problems

Today, many organizations are moving from paper to electronic version of documents. However, in order to design and implement a truly effective and useful document management system, there is necessary to study the enterprise as a whole, its document management system, and those parts of it that we have chosen to automate the most carefully.

A study of document management scheme of movement of documents, business processes involved in making the movement of documents, algorithms users' actions need to be somehow fixed in the form of charts or diagrams.

Figure 1.2 Activity diagram of the system

Figure 1.3 Activity diagram of the system (Patient)

Figure 1.4 Activity diagram of the system (Doctor)

To solve the problems of modeling of complex systems, there are well run-in methodology and standards. These standards include the methodology of the family of UML. You can use them efficiently display and analyze models of a wide range of complex systems in the various sections. In this case, the breadth and depth examination of processes in the system is determined by the developer, which does not disturb the model created by the redundant data.

Thus, for a more visual representation of the projected location of the problem in the complex tasks were developed UML-diagrams workflows medical institutions listed in the figures of this section [1].

Figure 1.2 represents a model of the system as a whole, without going into detail. All activities are gathered into three groups: patient, doctor and government. In addition, not all users have access to all activities in their group of the system. The access will be given to users despite his role.

Next diagrams are the parts of the diagram above, and have more specific and detailed information.

Figure 1.5 Activity diagram of the system (Government)

1.2.3 Necessity of the use IT to solve the problems

Currently accounting the document is ineffective without the computer processing of the data. Nowadays on the market there are many software programs that meet a variety of requirements for them. Especially difficult is to choose the right system for your business.

It is obvious that in the document there is a lot of technical, routine work that lends itself well to automation. By automation we can reduces the amount of routine work. This is achieved by maintaining the basic forms of documents in electronic form with the addition of basic information automatically when you select a particular client. In the conduct of e-filing administrator clearly knows about all the changes in the patient's card which allows it without wasting time on routine tasks have full information and patient.

An analysis of documents shows that work with information sources is difficult and time consuming. In order to make it easier we should automate the process using the information system. Consequently, the use of information systems in the institutions significantly reduces the percentage of time of doctors and medical staff and it should be a necessary attribute of any health care facility.

However, the use of computer technology not only provides convenience and speed of information retrieval and processing of documents, but also raises a record of activities to a new level by providing the features previously unavailable.

Another undeniable advantage of using an automated information system is the safe storage of information. When information is stored on paper loss of any paper document was irreplaceable. Such a loss could occur as a result of malicious activity and as a result of force majeure. When storing information electronically existing security methods of information storage and duplication make such storage is absolutely reliable.

Thus, the following key benefits of using an automated information system based on computer technology to solve the problems of building automation systems of the medical center:

- increased convenience of search and selection of data from directories storing static information and logs of operations performed

- increase the speed of search and selection of information

- ensuring implementation of electronic medical records

- automation of working place

- security of information storage

- providing multi-user work

1.2.4 Analysis of the system of information security and data protection

One of the fundamental components of the success of the modern enterprise system is the development of information security and data protection. The need for action in this area is defined by strong competition in the market for providing medical services. Unscrupulous competitors are ready to go to illegal activities in order to take possession of someone else's information, and taking possession of it to use it to the detriment of competitors. Another important aspect of information security is to protect against intentional or accidental destruction of data, resulting in a loss of information critical to the operational work of the enterprise.

In the conduct of the paper records of the center situation with regard to information security and information security situation is very mediocre. Data on patients spent with them therapeutic and diagnostic activities are stored in the form of paper documents in cabinets of center staff, and waste papers in the archive. In this case, nothing prevents unauthorized employees to familiarize themselves with these documents or copy them and steal. Job instructions to follow the order of filing are unlikely to stop an attacker who set a goal to seize them. There is also high probability of loss of documents when the paper version of doing business, as well as the intentional or accidental destruction of documents.

When using a computerized version of the level of information security is increased considerably. The system itself is automated document forcing the user to be more responsible in the matter.

Technically, information security and data protection is performed by means of a password system for access to resources information system at various levels. First of all, this is the password logon to the operating system of his workplace. Enter the password opens the user access to the resources of the computer, and documents stored on it. In this case, the security policy should be set up so that the user was not a complete master in the workplace, and could not, for example, install malicious software or programs to copy the information. Limitation of rights complicates the user experience, but it ensures data security. You should always find a balance between convenience and comfort of the user and the safe storage of corporate information or customer information.

When the user enters his password to the operating system, it accesses not only the resources of the computer, but also to network resources center. This might be the case, if a user logs on to the computer as a domain user or network user. In this case, treat the delineation of the rights of users in the network to even more closely. Configure the network user rights to such a way as to enable him to seamlessly work with their documents, but restrict access to documents, the rights to the work with which it is not, or it is only right to view. In this case, the problem is solved at the same time protect the data from unauthorized access and from accidental damage them.

The prerogative of the distribution of the rights of users in the enterprise has a system administrator. It must distinguish between users' rights of access to documents and applications on the network as well as on local computers.

The second level of protection of information is password-protected access directly into the automated system of the medical center.

The third level of password protection of information is the password to access the meringue SQL Server database when building client-server architecture of the systems. In this mode of operation, the data stored in the database, protected not only by the system access rights of users, but also the system of SQL Server, which is an order increases the level of safety.

The undeniable factor that increases the level of information security and data protection in the implementation of electronic system of work of the center is the opportunity for the need to save the entire database of documents to any electronic medium in the event, such as natural disasters. In the future, this copy of the database can be deployed at the new location and paper work continued from the point at which it was interrupted.

In addition to password protection organization of information should not be neglected and the physical protection of information. It is advisable to place a server and a SQL Server database in a separate room in which in addition to the special conditions required for the operation of servers and create special conditions that exclude the entry of unauthorized persons. This may be an access control system, or other arrangements.

Despite the planned introduction in the center of the automated system, work with paper documents will still take place. For example, the agreements concluded with the patients are valid only on paper. Organizing the storage of such documents, eliminating the possibility of access by unauthorized persons or employees who do not have access to them is an important point in achieving overall system security. It is advisable to organize the archive, which would be stored such documents and to regulate access to his employees. You should eliminate the possibility of intrusion by physical methods.

1.3 Analysis of the existing development. The choice of strategy automation

1.3.1 Analysis of existing development to automate tasks

The aim of the thesis is to create a system of automation of medical institutions. The need to create an automated system caused by the large amount of information on the nomenclature used drugs, the number of documents made out to receive patients and holding them therapeutic and diagnostic measures. Maintaining this amount of information in paper form becomes impossible, and search is very difficult. Therefore, there is the necessity to translate the information center in the electronic form. Information resources translated into electronic form, acquire a new quality, which gives them more widespread and effective use. Using the automated system, the user can not only locate the data, view documents and create research reports, but also to raise their work to a new, previously unavailable level.

When the graduation project was immediately taken, I started to focus on the development of its own product and not to use one of the existing ones. This decision was made on the basis of the facts that own development is always possible to implement specific, necessary only in the enterprise opportunities. It is possible that the requirements for the implementation of such features will change the development and implementation of the system, if the customer will have new views on the desired functionality of the system, suggestions for improvements or changes in the behavior of the logic of documents reporting requirements. There may well be suggestions on the development of new reports or modify existing ones. To implement such requirements of the customer is possible only with a system of its own design, as ready developments come as no rule of program source code and cannot be modified or supplemented.

Thus, we have not choose an existing system for use in medical center, but there is a choice of programming which technology to use to write your own software product and which language and programming system to choose for this technology.

Currently, there are a lot of systems and programming languages to develop software products. They differ by solved problems, technologies, methods and so on.

.NET is both a business strategy from Microsoft and its collection of programming support for what are known as Web services, the ability to use the Web rather than your own computer for various services. Microsoft's goal is to provide individual and business users with a seamlessly interoperable and Web-enabled interface for applications and computing devices and to make computing activities increasingly Web browser-oriented. The .NET platform includes servers, building-block services, such as Web-based data storage and device software [2]. The .NET platform was designed to provide:

- the ability to make the entire range of computing devices work together and to have user information automatically updated and synchronized on all of them

- increased interactive capability for Web sites, enabled by greater use of XML rather than HTML

- a premium online subscription service, that will feature customized access and delivery of products and services to the user from a central starting point for the management of various application

- centralized data storage, which will increase efficiency and ease of access to information, as well as synchronization of information among users and devices

- the ability to integrate various communications media, such as e-mail, faxes, and telephones

- for developers, the ability to create reusable modules, which should increase productivity and reduce the number of programming errors

According to Bill Gates, Microsoft expects that .NET will have as significant an effect on the computing world as the introduction of Windows. One concern being voiced is that although .NET's services will be accessible through any browser, they are likely to function more fully on products designed to work with .NET code.

1.3.2 Selection and justification of automation strategy objectives

Among the various options for automation strategy I have chosen the strategy of automation on sites. The fact is that to realize the full automation of the diagnostic and treatment center within a graduation project impossible. You will need a team of professionals to work for a long time. And the organization should be ready for such a shock therapy. It is much preferable to implement the automation system, first in several parts of the center, to analyze the results of its operation, and then proceed with the automation of the following departments' plots. As part of the system being developed to perform automated advisable to start with working with patients, namely exercise extracts medicines and materials. Further it is possible to fully automate the work of the center subsystem adding to patient registration and appointment of medical devices and diagnostic measures by going to full electronic processing of all documents.

Implementation of the project of automation of medical centers is divided to several stages:

- familiarization with the activities of medical institutions, the study of its structure, and document management systems

- formulation of the planned tasks, defining its place in the complex automation tasks

- an analysis of the development by which the system will be developed

- definition of the technical, informational and software resources for the proposed system

- develop an information model of the system

- definition of input and output data of the problem

- development of a data structure: reference books, documents, magazines, documents, registers and reports

- elaboration of the system

- debug the developed system by the control task

- calculation of the economic efficiency of the project

- justification of the economic feasibility and effectiveness of the project

- make an occupational safety and health analysis for the system

At the stage of familiarization with the activity of the enterprise is necessary to study its structure and existing schema document. At the formulation stage of the projected tasks necessary to understand its place in the complex automation tasks. Next, you must determine by using what development tools can be solved by the task set and choose the most appropriate one. Then, you must determine the composition of the technical, information and program resources to the system being developed.

After, we turn to the drafting system in which information necessary to create a model to determine the composition of input and output data to develop a data structure to implement it in the form of ER-diagrams. At the design stage of the system is the most critical part of the graduate design, directly develop an automation system performs the task of automating the center's activities.

With the test case in the next stage there is a debugging program. In the final stages there are assess the economic efficiency of the project and an occupational safety and health analysis for the system.

1.3.3 Choice and substantiation of acquisition of systems to automate tasks

Under present conditions, when businesses are given the independence to develop their production programs, development plans, identifying strategies for pricing significantly increases the responsibility of managers responsible for their management decisions. One of the existing directions is money. Therefore, destiny of each enterprise depends on how much visible and controlled its cash flow.

In other words, the manager or chief financial officer must not only be aware of how much money is available for the moment but also imagine how many of them will be tomorrow and next month. Moreover, he must be aware of all the main sources of financial income and to prevent a situation where money is spent by ineffective methods, not working for the strengthening and development of the business.

The lack of systematic monitoring and analysis of cash flow is fraught with significant and not always compensable losses. These problems can be solved with the help of modern computer systems, business management. Thus, the theme of the thesis is very urgent.

Current state of the automation software market is determined by the need for integrating and analyzing financial performance of enterprises. At the forefront large there are multi-systems based on modern systems of communication and information processing, which allows the team to lead both interrelated areas of accounting and for enterprise management is provided access to reliable information and for making informed management decisions. To develop system will need the following tools:

- Server type operating system for the operations and for providing multi-user connection to a client-server DBMS

- MS SQL Server for database storage and multi-user work in a client-server version of the system

- IIS to run your ASP.NET application in the server

- MS Visual Studio 2012 for developing the system

The system is developed for the client-server variant. This server must be sure to set a server operating system and the database server. On the client side there is enough to have nothing but except an operating system and Internet access.

As a server operating system, functioning on the database server there is enough to use the appropriate Windows Server 2008/2010/2012 Enterprise / Standard Editions. As the database server is advisable to use MS SQL Server 2008/2008 r2/2010 Enterprise / Standard Editions.

In addition to developing and implementing a new system for medical center there might be needed to get the number of additional licenses and programs.

2 PROJECT PART

2.1 Development of an automation project

2.1.1 Stages of the project life cycle automation

Time by time, size and complexity of automated systems are growing. Radically changed and keep changing the requirements of not only the main features and service capabilities of systems but also to the dynamics of their changes. Design and methodological support development ICS including software and databases is traditionally supported by many standards and proprietary techniques.

Standard ISO/IEC 12207:1995 «Information Technology - Software Life Cycle Processes» is the main normative documents regulating the composition of the software life cycle processes [3]. It defines the structure of the life cycle having processes, actions and tasks to be performed during software development.

Each process is divided into a set of actions and each action is a set of tasks. Every process or task operation is initiated and executed by another process as needed and there is no predetermined sequence execution. In addition, communication input data is saved. Model of the software life cycle includes:

- stages

- results of work at each stage

- key events which are points of completion and decision making

Stage is a part of the process of the system development limited by time frame for release and ending with a particular product which is models, software components, and documentation. Also, the relationship between processes and stages are determined by the model of software life cycle.

2.1.2 Anticipated risks to the life cycle and their description

The introduction of any system includes some basic steps:

- the study of the existing fleet of computers and peripheral equipment in the case of non-compliance to the requirements of finishing rolling out the system

- check the availability of necessary for the system to the operating system on the server

- final testing of the developed project on deployed vehicles

- training of staff

- start of operation of the system

The deployment phase of the system includes the deployment of a database server, the installation of the operating system on it. Finally, it is the installation of the developed system by IIS and Internet access for sharing the system by the Internet.

After deployment of technical, information and software tools necessary to conduct there is necessary to final testing of the system and verify the proper operation of all system modules.

Next, you need to train users on the system. There is necessary to conduct training for all users who will work with the system.

At the first stage of operation of the system is necessary to fill all the raw data:

- details of organization

- structure of units

- employees of organization

- etc.

These can be made in the process of entering documents as required but is recommended to make a pre-existing data, thus creating a complete structure of the organization.

2.1.3 Organizational, legal software and hardware-based security

When using any software necessary to follow a few basic rules, namely:

- use only licensed software

- follow the release of software updates and install them on time

- install only proven software purchased from authorized suppliers

To prevent contamination of the information you need to differentiate user access, to install and configure anti-virus program, with constant updating of virus databases, and install and configure the program «Firewall» to close the threats from the external network, such as "Internet".

2.2 Information support tasks

2.2.1 The information model of the problem and its description

Structural and functional development methodology involves modeling the information model:

- the relationship of input, output and results-based information flows and functions of the domain i.e. structural and functional diagrams

- data information base necessary for the functioning of the automated system i.e. entity-relationship diagram

Figure 2.1 ER diagram of the system

An entity-relationship diagram is a specialized graphic that illustrates the relationships between entities in a database. ER diagrams often use symbols to represent three different types of information [4]. Boxes are commonly used to represent entities. Diamonds are normally used to represent relationships and ovals are used to represent attributes.

Next diagrams are the parts of the diagram above, and have more specific and detailed information.

Figure 2.2 ER diagram of the system (user entities)

Fig. 2.3 ER diagram of the system (address entities)

Fig. 2.4 ER diagram of the system (registration process entities)

On the last diagram, figure 2.5, is shown entities related to entity medical card.

Fig. 2.5 ER diagram of the system (medical card entities)

2.2.2 The actors of the system. The behavior of the system

To model a system the most important aspect is to capture the dynamic behavior. To clarify a bit in details, dynamic behavior means the behavior of the system when it is running and operating.

So only static behavior is not sufficient to model a system rather dynamic behavior is more important than static behavior. In UML there are five diagrams available to model dynamic nature and use case diagram is one of them. Now as we have to discuss that the use case diagram is dynamic in nature there should be some internal or external factors for making the interaction.

These internal and external agents are known as actors. So use case diagrams are consists of actors, use cases and their relationships. So to model the entire system numbers of use case diagrams are used.

The purpose of use case diagram is to capture the dynamic aspect of a system. But this definition is too generic to describe the purpose.

So in brief, the purposes of use case diagrams can be as follows:

- used to gather requirements of a system

- used to get an outside view of a system

- show the interacting among the requirements are actors

Figure 2.6 Use case diagram of the system

Next diagrams are the parts of the diagram above, and have more specific and detailed information.

Figure 2.7 Use case diagram of the system (Actors)

Figure 2.9 Use case diagram of the system (Patient)

Figure 2.10 Use case diagram of the system (Government)

2.2.3 Physical scheme of interaction of individual parts of information system

This section describes the physical schema interaction of individual components of the projected information systems. There are diagrams which demonstrate separate subsystems with their brief description. In the project are used the following methodologies: Repository and MVC Patterns, Code First, EF and Unit Testing.

The Entity Framework is a set of technologies in ADO.NET that support the development of data-oriented software applications. Architects and developers of data-oriented applications have struggled with the need to achieve two very different objectives. They must model the entities, relationships, and logic of the business problems they are solving, and they must also work with the data engines used to store and retrieve the data. The data may span multiple storage systems, each with its own protocols and even applications that work with a single storage system must balance the requirements of the storage system against the requirements of writing efficient and maintainable application code [5].

The Entity Framework enables developers to work with data in the form of domain-specific objects and properties, such as customers and customer addresses, without having to concern themselves with the underlying database tables and columns where this data is stored. With the Entity Framework, developers can work at a higher level of abstraction when they deal with data, and can create and maintain data-oriented applications with less code than in traditional applications.

In addition to supporting a designer-based development workflow, EF also enables a more code-centric option which we call “code first development”. Code-First Development enables a pretty sweet development workflow. It enables you to:

- develop without ever having to open a designer or define an XML mapping file

- define your model objects by simply writing plain old classes with no base classes required

- use a convention over configuration approach that enables database persistence without explicitly configuring anything

- optionally override the convention-based persistence and use a fluent code API to fully customize the persistence mapping

Repository pattern is a data access pattern that abstracts away your data access code. Using the repository pattern, your web application can interact with a data source without knowing the specifics of that data source. Meaning, your web app talks to a repository and that repository is in charge or getting or updating data. The web application doesn't know anything about the data access because the repository is in charge of that [6].

The nice thing about the repository pattern is that it makes it easier to unit test your application easier to maintain your application since all the data access logic is in its own object, and lastly it makes it easy to change data access later. If you want to switch from a local database to a cloud based database or other DBMS, it's easy with the repository pattern.

Model-view-controller is an architectural pattern used in software engineering. Successful use of the pattern isolates business logic from user interface considerations, resulting in an application where it is easier to modify either the visual appearance of the application or the underlying business rules without affecting the other. In MVC, the model represents the information of the application and the business rules used to manipulate the data and the view corresponds to elements of the user interface such as text, checkbox items, and so forth. Moreover the controller manages details involving the communication to the model of user actions such as keystrokes and mouse movements [7].

Unit testing is a software development process in which the smallest testable parts of an application, called units, are individually and independently scrutinized for proper operation. Unit testing is often automated but it can also be done manually. This testing mode is a component of XP, a pragmatic method of software development that takes a meticulous approach to building a product by means of continual testing and revision. All tests have been created with one aim, to improve the quality of program code, to make applications and systems more reliable and stable [8].

The diagrams below present all modules and technologies used in the system. By following the diagram there can be seen how the project is adaptive and dynamic.

Figure 2.12 Project architecture divided for subsystem

Figure 2.13 Relations of the technologies used in the project

2.2.4 Function and purpose of individual components of the designed system

This part of the diploma work represents well detailed description of the functions and purposes of the components. In order to get a clear and detailed description here was taken methodology called class diagram.

Class diagrams are the mainstay of object-oriented analysis and design. Class diagrams show the classes of the system, their interrelationships including inheritance, aggregation and association, and the operations and attributes of the classes. Class diagrams are used for a wide variety of purposes, including both conceptual and domain modeling and detailed design modeling.

The classes are divided by MVC pattern methodology i.e. into three big groups: controller, models and views. There are some other divisions for additional classes and scripts.

Figure 2.14 Class diagram of the project

Figure 2.15 is the parts of the diagram above, and has more specific and detailed information. The diagram below represents all project methods.