Ключевые слова: информационная технология, терминологическая система, диагноз, госпитальная система, концептуальная модель, метаинформация, шаблон.

Litvinov A. A. Information technology of classification of clinical disease based on semantic-syntactical model. - Manuscript.

The thesis for candidate degree of technical science in medical and biological informatics and cybernetics (05.13.07). - International Research and Training Centre of Information Technologies and Systems, Kyiv, 2008.

It's obvious that the statistical and research needs of modern hospitals and medical research institutes require more detailed and sophisticated classification than ICD-10 (international classification of disease, tenth revision), the standard classification recommended by the WHO (World Healthcare Organization). There are a number of alternative classifications have been built by the groups and organizations of the developed countries such as USA and UK, latest of them are based on compositional principal which made them more flexible in use and easy-extensible than ICD. Another specific feature of the classifications is covering (representing) all the medical terminology (not only diseases). But, the known alternatives of ICD-10 are too expensive to be implemented and have a number of declared disadvantages and constraints. Thus, it makes a barrier for adaptation process and it seems impossible use of them in Ukrainian hospitals. So, the design of effective classification of disease easy to use and considering peculiarities of Ukrainian hospitals is an actual question for medical informatics of Ukraine.

The given work is devoted to design of informational technology of clinical classification of disease and directed to solve the problem of clinical terminology representation in medical information systems considering specific of Ukrainian hospitals.

To achieve the goal the following steps were made.

First, main modern terminological systems were analyzed and core requirements were gathered selecting primary issues considering Ukrainian hospital needs and abilities. There are four primary requirements were stated for desired classification: simplicity and clarity of use of the classification supporting even a manual coding; compositional coding model; semantic restrictions allowing only semantically correct compositions; syntactically correct natural-language sentences as a result of decoding.

Using the defined requirements and informal description of the domain of problem design we've built a formal semantic-syntactical model of clinical diagnosis which serves as the basis of the classification. The model consists of two components: semantic part which is formalized using description logic and syntactical part which is formalized using Chomsky grammar. Then, two components of formal model have been linked on the basis of Frame-based knowledge representation approach and form the frame-based model of the classification which consequently was transformed into object-oriented representation using Composite pattern which causes an effective work with complex multi-level network structures.

Then, there were designed a model, mechanisms and methods of compatibility of the designed classification and standard terminology systems such as SNOMED CT. There has been proved that the designed classification plays a role of global terminology system's extension which makes a work with clinical diagnosis domain more simple, coherent, gets additional level of semantic restrictions and syntactical mechanisms to form only semantically and syntactically correct concepts.

Thus, as a result of the modeling, the conceptual and datalogical model of the classification, and requirements, rules and formal description of its framework were suggested, that further caused its realization and implementation forms.

The realization of the classification framework based on principles of openness, component-oriented structure, flexibility, independency of technical level (database provider and operational system), which implies its implementation in an already existed working hospital information system.

If we think of the meaning of information technology concept as a set of methods, algorithms and tools used for representation, storage, retrieval and processing of information, it could be noted that the composition of clinical classification construction's problem solution phases, phases' interaction and dependency, mathematical, design and programming methods and approaches used for formalization, design and realization of the classification, forms the information technology applied to realize of classification of disease based on semantic-syntactical model, and can be used to develop classifications in different domains and sub-domains such as medicine, biology, chemistry.

At the last stage, hospital system using the classification as a terminology server for disease coding, storing, representing activities used in statistical and analysis subsystems, has been realized and deployed on the basis of Dnipropetrovs'k clinical hospital #6. Specific features of the system are as follows: the “Interpreter” design pattern used for statistic subsystem realization that makes this part more flexible and easy-adoptable for hospital end-user requirements and conditions; metainformation-driven approach using frame-based paradigm of knowledge representation as its core used for analysis subsystem design and realization.

Dissertation results were used for: building the hospital information system of Dnipropetrovs'k clinical hospital #6 and “Endotechnomed” clinic; medical care standards design tasks performed by the Gastroenterology institute of AMS of Ukraine; realizing software for educational process in surgery sub-faculty of Dnipropetrovs'k State Academy.

All the given results could serve as a platform for further research in the direction of constructing classifications, improving existed and developing new flexible, easy-extensible hospital systems.

Key words: information technology, terminological system, disease, hospital information system, conceptual design, metainformation, pattern.