Определение особенностей перевода фразеологических единиц

WWDC: HOW APPLE WON BACK OUR HEARTS

iOS 7, the new Mac Pro, apps galore and integration - Apple can still generate irrational lust out of thin air

"For a company that was never gone, Apple sure is back." So tweeted technology entrepreneur Aaron Levie. Spoiler alert: on Monday at WWDC, Apple won back the majority of our hearts at The App Business. So this review of the Keynote news will err on the side of optimism. Also, it won't discuss the new (gasps) app icons.

1. Say hello to Jony Ive, Editor in Chief of Apple

If you hadn't figured that this is now the Jony Ive show from the pre-Keynote soundtrack (Daft Punk, not Bob Dylan), you sure as heck knew two minutes later after viewing Apple's opening 'motivational video'. In it, Ive elegantly framed what innovation means at Apple, reminded us of Apple's enduring values, and made us all feel a lot better about owning [Apple] products that do a lot less than the competition - all with a few simple words and a beautiful animation. This set up a keynote that was to be about simplification, unification and integration, and - crucially - the collaboration required to execute this.

2. Apple wants to enable *its developers* to take the 'moon shots'

Apple has been heftily criticised for its failure to take wild moon shots like Google's self-driving cars. But Apple's message was clear - its gift to the world isn't going to be a stream of wild experiments. Apple's gift to the world is a platform that lets you - the developer community - take the moonshots yourselves, at low cost, and with the chance of incredible reward. That's why the first demo on Monday wasn't by Apple. It was by a relatively small studio which had developed its own self-driving cars which run on iOS.

3. "Can't innovate any more my ass!"

Thus declaimed Apple marketing boss "Big" Phil Schiller as he provided a rare sneak peak of a forthcoming Apple product: the new Mac Pro. This is the meanest looking computer I've ever seen and Apple's unveiling was more akin to the E3 gaming conference which was taking place down the road. And while I know I don't need one, I dang sure know I want one. My Twitter stream was filled with people looking for a justification to buy. Take-out: Apple can still innovate and Apple can still generate irrational lust out of thin air.

4. iOS 7: hardware and software are finally at peace

Forget the icon design hoo-ha. The breakthrough here is how Ive is constructing an experience in which the software and hardware work in perfect harmony. A device on which the customer doesn't separate the hardware and software experience.

How's he doing this? Ive and his refreshed user interface (UI) now consider the phone as a singular object, with a universal law of physics governing its hardware and software. The phone now consists of panes of content, stacked vertically, that can come to the top and into view. He's added translucency to the panes not for design flourish, but to give you a sense of location. And he's added parallax effects so that the UI moves as you move the hardware, in perfect harmony. Even the apps now run to the screen edges to erode that division between hardware and software.

Ive is clearly working towards a vision of a device that is simply a singular pane of glass that really is just all content. This is an awesome vision for app developers on a mission to create delightful, engaging experiences.

5. Apps, apps, apps

Apple clearly continues to believe that, for now, superior experiences are delivered via native app software rather than via a web browser. And so, Apple introduced new and updated apps for the Mac including Maps, iBooks and Calendar. Each integrates deeply with internet services, much in the same way Google does, but not via a browser. I don't think Apple is trying to keep people away from Google per se. Rather, Apple (like us at The App Business) understands that native experiences are superior experiences.

6. The web is a wormhole to Google and PC audiences

There was one big exception to Apple's native app strategy. Apple introduced a web-based experience to patch Apple's continuing Enterprise weak spot: businesses continue to prefer to do their work via Microsoft Office and Google Docs. And while executives on the move might be armed with iPads, they had no way to effortlessly work on docs between their iPad and PC. Well, until now. Yesterday Apple introduced iWork for iCloud enabling iOS users to continue working on iWork documents in the browser, on their PCs.

7. Apple is in the mobile payments game, big time. It's just not playing ball yet

Make no mistake, Apple is putting in place all the ingredients necessary to make your iPhone a wallet. On Monday it announced it now have more accounts with credit cards on file than any other internet store, shared data showing that people are more than twice as likely to spend money via iOS devices than Android, and unveiled a new e-commerce service, iCloud keychain. The latter enables iOS devices to securely store and automatically input your credit card details when shopping via your phone.

8. Archaic filing systems are going away

A lot of Mac OS X software was introduced, but one significant thing stood out for me: the introduction of a tagging system for folders, like Gmail or Evernote offer. Why is this so important? Well, Apple is trying to crack a new filing system that throws out folders and branches and lets people quickly find files via just search or tags. And that's exactly what Apple needs to crack in order to realise mobile devices as true productivity devices that let people find files fast when they don't have time or the space to browse extensive filing systems. We can expect to see lots of this stuff coming to iOS soon.

9. The final piece of the puzzle: integration with you

Tim Cook talks repeatedly about the integration of hardware, software and services. But there is a fourth unspoken component to this puzzle: you. On Monday, Apple announced a range of enhancements to improve the phone's understanding of you and the value of its help. For example, the phone learns which apps you use most and keeps them updated for you (so no more refreshing Instagram); and the phone now knows where your meeting is and marks 'travel time' in your calendar (so no more being late). With wearable computing just around the corner cracking integration with you, and indeed the organic-body, is critical for Apple and a final piece in the puzzle.

10. One more thing: "does it deserve to exist?"

I just want to leave you with one final thought. Apple's executives said a lot at the Keynote. They also said something pretty profound about what not to say, or rather what not to do. I think it was Tim Cook who said this as one of his more casual remarks during the event: "Does it deserve to exist?" Wow. That's a pretty brutal question, a brutal filter for what gets signed off at Apple. And it's a pretty sweet question to ensure you focus on the stuff that matters. Ask it the next time you review, curate and cull ideas.

An original version of this article first appeared at The App Business website.

IRAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION: SECOND ROUND FORECAST AFTER LATE FLURRY AT POLLS

All six candidates pledge to respect result as millions queue to vote for successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

Iran's presidential race appears poised for a runoff vote next week after millions of people queued until late across the country night to elect a successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

Election officials at Iran's interior ministry were yet to announce final results but a high turnout after a last-minute excitement caused by the reformists' endorsement of a moderate candidate boosted the chances of a second round next Friday.

Hassan Rouhani, the moderate cleric backed by reformists and many opposition figures, and Tehran's pragmatic mayor, Mohammad-Bagher Ghalibaf, looked likely to emerge on top, with the chief nuclear negotiator Saeed Jalili, thought to be the favourite candidate of the clerical establishment, falling behind.

Around 4am Tehran time, the semi-official Mehr news agency cited unconfirmed reports saying Rouhani and Ghalibaf were leading in the initial counts.

At the same time, Rouhani's campaign also announced he had entered the interior ministry for a visit and talks with officials.

From the moment the polls opened state-run TV broadcast rolling coverage with a string of interviews with people sympathetic to the system. Voting was initially due to end at 6pm local time but was extended for at least five hours.

Speaking after casting his vote in Tehran, Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, urged citizens to come out en masse to refute suggestions by American officials that the election in the Islamic Republic enjoyed little legitimacy.

"I recently heard that someone at the US national security council said 'we do not accept this election in Iran'," he said. "We don't give a damn." State-run media worked hard to convey the same message. "I am here to vote because of my leader [Khamenei]," one Iranian told Channel 1 of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting. "I'm happy to have a say in my country's fate," said another.

A first-time voter said: "I've been in the queue for one hour to vote but that's no pain, I can wait for hours." A middle-aged man said: "Our beloved soldiers gave their life for this revolution and became martyrs [in the eight-year Iran-Iraq war] so waiting for hours in the queue is nothing in comparison to that. It's my duty."

Local news agencies reported that all six presidential hopefuls had voted and pledged to respect the results. Jalili said: "Any candidate that people choose, and is confirmed by the count of the ballots, should be respected by everyone." Ghalibaf, praised by many for being a successful mayor of the Iranian capital, promised "fundamental changes" and a focus on development and justice. "People's choice will be respected by me, too," he added.

Among those voting was Ebrahim Yazdi, secretary-general of the Freedom Movement of Iran, a banned group that is critical of the system. "Today's election is about choosing between bad and worse," he told the semi-official Mehr news agency. "Voting is a national duty and a right given to you by God."

At least three children of the former president Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, who was disqualified from standing, were also reported to have voted. Rafsanjani has publicly backed Rouhani earlier in the week and voted for him on Friday.

Official statistics show that more than 50 million Iranians were eligible to vote, among them 1.6 million for the first time. In 2009, when Ahmadinejad won his second term, the opposition Green movement claimed victory and said the result had been rigged. Its leader, Mir Hossein Mousavi, remains under house arrest.

Analysts believe rigging is less likely this year because Ahmadinejad is not running and the current government does not support any of the candidates.

AL GORE: NSA'S SECRET SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM 'NOT REALLY THE AMERICAN WAY'

Former vice-president - not persuaded by argument that program was legal - urges Congress and Obama to amend the laws

The National Security Agency's blanket collection of US citizens' phone records was "not really the American way", Al Gore said on Friday, declaring that he believed the practice to be unlawful.

In his most expansive comments to date on the NSA revelations, the former vice-president was unsparing in his criticism of the surveillance apparatus, telling the Guardian security considerations should never overwhelm the basic rights of American citizens.

He also urged Barack Obama and Congress to review and amend the laws under which the NSA operated.

"I quite understand the viewpoint that many have expressed that they are fine with it and they just want to be safe but that is not really the American way," Gore said in a telephone interview. "Benjamin Franklin famously wrote that those who would give up essential liberty to try to gain some temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety."

Since the 2000 elections, when Gore won the popular vote but lost the presidency to George W Bush, the former vice-president has tacked to the left of the Democratic party, especially on his signature issue of climate change. 

Gore spoke on Friday from Istanbul where he was about to lead one of his climate change training workshops for 600 global activists. Such three-day training sessions on behalf of the Climate Reality Project are now one of his main concerns.

Unlike other leading Democrats and his former allies, Gore said he was not persuaded by the argument that the NSA surveillance had operated within the boundaries of the law.

"This in my view violates the constitution. The fourth amendment and the first amendment - and the fourth amendment language is crystal clear," he said. "It is not acceptable to have a secret interpretation of a law that goes far beyond any reasonable reading of either the law or the constitution and then classify as top secret what the actual law is."

Gore added: "This is not right."

The former vice-president was also unmoved by some recent opinion polls suggesting public opinion was in favour of surveillance

"I am not sure how to interpret polls on this, because we don't do dial groups on the bill of rights," he said.

He went on to call on Barack Obama and Congress to review the laws under which the NSA expanded its surveillance. "I think that the Congress and the administration need to make some changes in the law and in their behaviour so as to honour and obey the constitution of the United States," he said. "It is that simple."

He rejected outright calls by the Republican chair of the house homeland security committee, Peter King, for prosecution of journalists who cover security leaks, such as the Guardian's Glenn Greenwald.

Gore did say, however, that he had serious concerns about some aspects of the testimony offered by national intelligence director James Clapper during testimony to the Senate intelligence committee last March.

Clapper, in response to pointed questions from Democratic senator Ron Wyden, had said during that appearance that the NSA did not collect data on Americans.

"I was troubled by his direct response to Senator Wyden's very pointed question," Gore said. "I was troubled by that."

Gore has long had qualms about the expansion of the surveillance state in the digital age. He made those concerns public this year in his latest book, The Future: Six Drivers of Social Change, in which he warned: "Surveillance technologies now available - including the monitoring of virtually all digital information - have advanced to the point where much of the essential apparatus of a police state is already in place."

Within hours of the Guardian's first story about the NSA, the former vice-president tweeted: "In digital era, privacy must be a priority. Is it just me, or is secret blanket surveillance obscenely outrageous?

He said on Friday: "Some of us thought that it was probably going on, but what we have learned since then makes it a cause for deep concern."

Senators challenge NSA's claim to have foiled 'dozens' of terror attacks

Mark Udall and Ron Wyden - critics of NSA's surveillance - say they want proof that programs have disrupted plots against US

Mark Udall and Ron Wyden, both members of the Senate intelligence committee, said they were not convinced by the testimony of the NSA director, General Keith Alexander, on Capitol Hill on Wednesday, who claimed that evidence gleaned from surveillance helped thwart attacks in the US.

"We have not yet seen any evidence showing that the NSA's dragnet collection of Americans' phone records has produced any uniquely valuable intelligence," they said in a statement released on Thursday ahead of a widely anticipated briefing for US senators about the National Security Agency's activities.

"When you're talking about important liberties that the American people feel strongly about, and you want to have an intelligence program, you've got to make a case for why it provides unique value to the [intelligence] community atop what they can already have," Wyden, an Oregon Democrat, told the Guardian in an interview on Thursday.

Alexander testified before the Senate appropriations committee that maintaining a database of millions of Americans' phone records was critical to thwarting "dozens" of plots. One of the examples Alexander mentioned, the case of would-be New York subway bomber Najibullah Zazi, appears to have been prevented by conventional police surveillance, including efforts by UK investigators.

"Gen Alexander's testimony yesterday suggested that the NSA's bulk phone records collection program helped thwart 'dozens' of terrorist attacks, but all of the plots that he mentioned appear to have been identified using other collection methods," Wyden and Udall said in a statement. "The public deserves a clear explanation."

Alexander testified that the efficacy of the phone-records program could not be independently analysed from that of another NSA program disclosed by the Guardian, an effort called Prism that monitors the internet communications of people believed to be outside the US. In an interview with the Guardian, Wyden challenged that assertion as well.

"I have real reservations that the argument that they can't be evaluated separately," Wyden said. "If a program provides unique value, the people running it ought to explain it. I'm certainly open to doing that in a classified setting, and I know of a program where they haven't done it."

Wyden said he could not elaborate on what that program is, citing its classified nature.

Alexander also testified that the databases of Americans' phones records contains safeguards governing its searchability to prevent the NSA from abusing it. But there is ambiguity about whether a court or any outside body must grant the NSA permission to search it.

"If they claim that this program has lots of safeguards, wouldn't you expect they would detail them - 'Here are the procedures for following up on an individual'?" Wyden said. "This is certainly an issue I have a strong interest in."

The direct challenge to the NSA's veracity comes ahead of a closed-door session in the Capitol for senators to hear from Alexander directly about the details and the effects of the program. And it follows on an earlier challenge by Wyden to the truthfulness of Alexander's nominal boss, James Clapper, the director of national intelligence.

In March, Clapper responded "no" and "not wittingly" to a question from Wyden about whether the NSA collects "any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans." Clapper has since admitted that was the "least untruthful" answer he could have given.

Wyden pointed out that the reason he asked that question was because of an assertion Alexander made publicly at a hacker conference in July. Alexander said at the Defcon conference in Las Vegas that the NSA only collected data on Americans "incidentally, in targeting a bad guy" and that "the story we have millions or hundreds of dossiers on people is absolutely false".

"In the last day I've been struck by many people who don't want a vigorous debate, saying that somehow this discussion started on Capitol Hill," Wyden said. "This was started by General Alexander's comment in a public forum. That's why I think now we're going to have some public hearings."

Other senators who have been critical of the NSA looked forward to Thursday afternoon's closed-door briefings.

"Sen Udall is planning on attending the briefing as long as it does not conflict with markup/votes on the Senate armed services committee," Udall spokesman Mike Saccone said in an email to the Guardian.??"Sen Udall hopes he and his colleagues get specific answers out of Gen Alexander on what appears to be a discrepancy between what he told the appropriations committee yesterday [Wednesday] and the information previously provided to the intelligence committee."

Jamal Raad, a spokesman for senator Jeff Merkley, an Oregon Democrat, said: "Senator Merkley wants a clear answer to his question on how the Fisa court has interpreted the language of the law. The administration should then commit to release those interpretations to the American public in order to have a full debate."

EDWARD SNOWDEN: HOW THE SPY STORY OF THE AGE LEAKED OUT

The full story behind the scoop and why the whistleblower approached the Guardian

As he pulled a small black suitcase and carried a selection of laptop bags over his shoulders, no one would have paid much attention to Ed Snowden as he arrived at Hong Kong International Airport. But Snowden was not your average tourist or businessman. In all, he was carrying four computers that enabled him to gain access to some of the US government's most highly-classified secrets.

Today, just over three weeks later, he is the world's most famous spy, whistleblower and fugitive, responsible for the biggest intelligence breach in recent US history. News organisations around the globe have described him as "America's Most Wanted". Members of Congress have denounced him as a "defector" whose actions amount to treason and have demanded he be punished to the fullest extent of the law.

His supporters argue that his actions have opened up a much-needed debate on the balance between security and privacy in the modern world.??So is he whistleblower or traitor? That debate is still raging.

Snowden, aged 29, had flown to Hong Kong from Hawaii, where he had been working for the defence contractor Booz Allen Hamilton at the National Security Agency, the biggest spy surveillance organisation in the world. Since Monday morning, he has gone underground. Hong Kong-based journalists, joined by the international press, have been hunting for him. At the height of the search, reporters recruited Twitter followers to see if they could successfully identify the lighting and other hotel furnishings shown in the video in which he went public. They did: the $330-a-night Mira Hotel, on Nathan Road, the busy main shopping drag in Kowloon district.

Knowing it was only a matter of time before he was found, Snowden checked out at lunchtime on Monday. It is thought he is now in a safe house.

What happens now? The US is on the verge of pressing criminal charges against him and that would lead to extradition proceedings, with a view to bringing him back to the US for trial and eventually jail.

If America is planning to jail for life Bradley Manning, who was behind the 2010 WikiLeaks release of tens of thousands of state department memos, what retribution lies in store for Snowden, who is guilty of leaking on a much bigger scale? The documents Manning released were merely "classified". Snowden's were not only "Top Secret", but circulation was extremely limited.

For an American, the traditional home for the kind of story Snowden was planning to reveal would have been the New York Times. But during extensive interviews last week with a Guardian team, he recalled how dismayed he had been to discover the Times had a great scoop in election year 2004 - that the Bush administration, post 9/11, allowed the NSA to snoop on US citizens without warrants - but had sat on it for a year before publishing.

Snowden said this was a turning point for him, confirming his belief that traditional media outlets could not be trusted. He looked around for alternative journalists, those who were both anti-establishment and at home with blogging and other social media. The member of this generation that he most trusted was the Guardian commentator Glenn Greenwald.

In January, Snowden reached out to a documentary filmmaker and journalist, Laura Poitras, and they began to correspond. In mid-February, he sent an email to Greenwald, who lives in Brazil, suggesting he might want to set up a method for receiving and sending encrypted emails. He even made a YouTube video for Greenwald, to take him step-by-step through the process of encryption. Greenwald did not know the identity of the person offering the leaks and was unsure if they were genuine. He took no action. In March, in New York, he received a call from Poitras, who convinced him that he needed to take this more seriously.

Greenwald and Snowden set up a secure communications system and the first of the documents arrived, dealing with the NSA's secret Prism programme, which gathers up information from the world's leading technology companies.

Greenwald flew to New York to talk to Guardian editors on 31 May; the next day, he and Poitras flew to Hong Kong.

Neither Greenwald nor Poitras even knew what Snowden looked like. "He had some elaborate scheme to meet," Greenwald said. Snowden told him to go to a specific location on the third floor of the hotel and ask loudly for directions to a restaurant. Greenwald assumed Snowden was lurking in the background, listening in.

They went to a room that, Greenwald recalled, contained a large fake alligator. Snowden made himself known. He had told Greenwald that "I would know it was him because he would be carrying a Rubik's Cube".

Both Greenwald and Poitras were shocked the first time they saw the 29-year-old. Greenwald said:

I had expected a 60-year-old grizzled veteran, someone in the higher echelons of the intelligence service. I thought: 'This is going to be a wasted trip.'

After an hour of listening to Snowden, Greenwald changed his mind. "I completely believed him," he said.

The interviews were conducted in Snowden's room, which overlooked Kowloon Park. Snowden and the journalists, complete with camera equipment, crammed into the tiny space. He had been there for two weeks, having meals sent up. He did not have much with him: some clothes, a book, four computers, that Rubik's Cube. He was becoming worried about the costs and especially the chance that his credit cards would be blocked.

Even though he was well-versed in surveillance techniques, he would not have been hard to find - having signed in under his own name, using his own credit cards.

The interviews, combined with the leaked documents, provided the Guardian with four scoops in quick succession, from the court order showing that the US government had forced the telecoms giant Verizon to hand over the phone records of millions of Americans, to the previously undisclosed programme, Prism.

The Prism story was also published independently by the Washington Post after Poitras, a freelance journalist, had earlier approached the investigative reporter Barton Gellman, who took the story to the paper. Once on the ground in Hong Kong, however, Poitras began working with the Guardian team.

On Sunday, the story shifted from the leaks to the leaker. Snowden had from the start decided against anonymity and Poitras filmed him being interviewed by Greenwald for a video that would announce his outing.

So what are the options available to him now? In the interviews, he praised Hong Kong as a place with a strong tradition of free speech and a working judicial system, in spite of having been returned to Chinese sovereignty. But these courts, judging by examples of past extradition cases, tend to lean towards being helpful towards the US.

Snowden would likely argue he is not guilty of a crime and claim the charges are politically motivated.

He has been hailed as a hero by some and a criminal by others. He was denigrated columns in the New York Times and Washington Post. The Post columnist in Richard Cohen, though he has never met Snowden, wrote: "He is not paranoiac; he is merely narcissistic." In the New York Times, David Brooks offered up psychological analysis, writing:

Though thoughtful, morally engaged and deeply committed to his beliefs, he appears to be a product of one of the more unfortunate trends of the age: the atomization of society, the loosening of social bonds, the apparently growing share of young men in their 20s who are living technological existences in the fuzzy land between their childhood institutions and adult family commitments.

On Sunday night, Snowden gave the last of what had been almost a week's worth of interviews. It was his final night in that hotel room: the final night before his old life gave way to a new and uncertain one. He sat on his bed, arms folded, television news on without the sound, and spoke about the debate he had started, homing in on a comment Obama had made on Friday, in response to the leaks.

"You can't have 100% security and then also have 100% privacy and zero inconvenience," the president said. Society had to make choices, he added.

Snowden challenged this, saying the problem was that the Obama administration had denied society the chance to have that discussion. He disputed that there had to be a trade-off between security and privacy, describing the very idea of a trade-off as a fundamental assault on the US constitution.

In what were to be the last words of the interview, he quoted Benjamin Franklin: "Those who surrender freedom for security will not have, nor do they deserve, either one."

Snowden recited it slowly. For him, it had a special resonance.

He has gone underground for now. But this saga is far from over.

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2

Примеры ФЕ, использованных в работе

1) Lovers come and go. Friends remain for ever. 

Любовники приходят и уходят, а друзья остаются навсегда.

В данном предложении автор использовал фразеологизм come and go, который является фразеологическим единством. Словарь предлагает 2 варианта перевода:

а) ходить туда-сюда, ходить взад-вперёд

б) появляться и исчезать.

Предлагается вариант перевода «приходят и уходят», нефразеологический перевод, лексическая замена.

2) But the odds are stacked overwhelmingly against any one person matching the six-ball jackpot.

Но шансы, что один человек угадает все 6 чисел и получит джек-пот ничтожно малы.

В предложении используется фразеологизм the odds are stacked against (фразеологическое единство), Oxford dictionary даёт толкование to be very unlikely to succeed because you are not in an good position. Предлагается вариант «шансы ничтожно малы» (фразеологическое сочетание), используется фразеологический перевод.

3) When it gets as big as it is now, you'd be nuts not to play, he said.

Когда он [джек-пот] достигает такого размера, только сумасшедший откажется сыграть.

В предложении употребляется фразеологизм to be nuts (фразеологическое единство), используется лексический перевод словом «сумасшедший».

4) You have to take a chance on Lady Luck.

Следует сыграть с Госпожой удачей.

В предложении употребляется фразеологизм take a chance (фразеологическое сочетание), применяется обертональный перевод.

5) Later a monk, living in an isolated lake-side monastery, told me how lucky I was to have caught a glimpse of her[Mandalay].

Позднее монах, живущий в удалённом монастыре на берегу озера, сказал что мне очень повезло побывать в этом городе.

В предложении употребляется фразеологическое единство catch a glimpse, словарь предлагает вариант «увидеть мельком», в переводе используется вариант «побывать», так как речь идёт о городе; применяется обертональный перевод.

6) But not everyone trusts the government - "old wine in new bottles" is how one man described it to me.

Но не все люди доверяют правительству - «старые песни на новый лад», как выразился один человек.

В данном предложении автор использует фразеологическое сращение “old wine in new bottles”, Oxford dictionary даёт толкование something new placed in or superimposed on an old or existing form, system, etc. Применяется фразеологический перевод посредством частичного эквивалента.

7) More than seven out of 10 people (72 per cent) said the Government is out of touch with ordinary voters”.

Более 7 человек из 10 (72 процента) заявляют о том, что правительство никак не реагирует на недовольство простых избирателей.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое сочетание out of touch которое в словаре переводится как «потерять связь, перестать общаться». Предлагается вариант обертонального перевода (исходя из контекста).

8) The tanker drivers' union Unite and haulage bosses are due to hold talks at the conciliation service Acas tomorrow to break the deadlock over a threatened strike.

Объединение водителей бензовозов Юнайт (Unite) и владельцы транспортных компаний обратились за помощью в Консультативную, согласительную и арбитражную службу, чтобы найти выход из сложившейся ситуации и избежать угрозы забастовок.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое единство break the deadlock, словарь предлагает вариант перевода выйти из тупика. При переводе используется обертональный перевод, обусловленный контекстом.

9) Osama bin Laden had four kids and moved house five times while on the run

У Осамы Бин Ладена было четверо детей, при этом он пять раз переезжал, находясь в бегах.

В данном предложении употреблено фразеологическое сочетание on the run, словарь предлагает вариант перевода в бегах. Используется перевод фразеологическим эквивалентом.

10) The government quickly said no, and downplayed the impact of the strike, which failed to bring the country to a standstill.

В правительстве быстро отказались от этой идеи и тем самым предотвратили последствия забастовки, что позволило избежать полной остановки транспорта во всей страны.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое единство bring to a standstill, в словаре предлагаются варианты остановить, бездействовать. Используется вариант избежать остановки, данный вариант кажется наиболее адекватным, т.к. в статье речь идёт о дефиците топлива в стране и под остановкой подразумевается остановка транспорта .

11) Since Roman times, rulers have acknowledged the power of 'bread and circuses' as a way to keep their people in check.

Со времён Римской империи, правители признают силу «хлеба и зрелищ», как средства контроля людей.

В данном тексте используется фразеологическое сращение 'bread and circuses', для которого в русском языке существует абсолютный эквивалент, который и используется в предложенном варианте перевода.

12) Iraq Casts a Pall Over U.S. Effort to Fathom Iran.

Ошибка в Ираке осложнила США вынесение решения по поводу Ирана.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое сращение to cast a pall, словарь предлагает следующие варианты перевода:

а) испортить;

б) осложнить;

В переводе используется второй вариант предложенный словарём, используется приём строго лексического перевода.

13) Analysts were left in the dark on such basic issues in the past, which helps explain why bogus information from fabricators was included in some prewar intelligence reports on Iraq.

Аналитики не имеют ни малейшего представления о том, по каким причинам сфабрикованная информация попала в предвоенные отчёты разведки об Иране.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое единство in the dark, словарь предлагает вариант перевода в неведении, в неизвестности. В переводе используется приём описательного перевода.

14) Islamist Group Breaks Pledge to Stay Out of Race in Egypt

Исламистская группировка нарушила обещание о неучастии в президентской гонке в Египте.

В предложении употребляется фразеологическое сочетание to break pledge, словарь предлагает вариант перевода «нарушить обещание». В переводе используется предложенный словарём перевод, применяется абсолютный эквивалент.

15) For six decades, through three wars and one nuclear stand off, diplomats have tried, and failed, to improve relations. Now, the private sector is giving it a shot. Trade has become the most promising opening in the latest round of diplomacy, as progress remains largely stalled on tough issues like terrorism, water rights and the status of Kashmir.

На протяжении шести десятилетий, трёх войн и ядерного противостояния дипломаты этих стран безуспешно пытались наладить отношения. Сейчас все надежды возлагаются на частный сектор. В последнее время торговля стала наиболее многообещающим достижением дипломатических отношений, в то время как сейчас процесс застопорился на таких тяжёлых вопросах как терроризм, права на водные угодья, и независимость Кашмира.

В данном отрывке употребляется фразеологическое сочетание to give a shot, словарь предлагает вариант перевода «попытаться». В данном случае применяется обертональный перевод и используется фразеологическое сочетание возлагать надежды. Данный вариант кажется адекватным, так как передаёт смысл предложения и сохраняет образность.

15) There was even a Burmese rock band there, young men with long hair in black jeans and T-shirts, waiting to clap eyes on the much bigger star.

Там была даже рок группа из Бангладеш, молодые ребята с длинными волосами в чёрных джинсах и футболках хотели поглазеть на действительно известных звёзд.

В данном выражении используется фразеологическое сочетание to clap eyes on, словарь предлагает вариант перевода впервые увидеть, посмотреть. В переводе употребляется слово поглазеть, используется строго лексический перевод.

16) Europe is braced for a crucial 48 hours of high-stakes summitry likely to decide whether Germany and France can strike a grand bargain aimed at dispelling growing pessimism over the chances of the single currency surviving in its current form.

Европа замерла на 48 часов в ожидании очень важного решения. На проходящей сейчас в верхах встрече Франция и Германия могут заключить «сделку века», которая должна развеять нарастающее недовольство перспективами единой валюты в том виде, в котором она существует сейчас.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое сочетание to strike a bargain, словарь предлагает вариант перевода заключить сделку. При переводе употребляется вариант предложенный словарём, используется фразеологический эквивалент.

17) Frida Holm Skoglund, 20, became the first witness in the 10-week trial to ask Breivik to leave the courtroom before she took the stand. Breivik agreed and watched proceedings via video link next door.

Двадцатилетняя Фрида Холм Скоглунд стала первой свидетельницей 10-недельного судебного разбирательства, которая попросила, чтобы Брейвик покинул зал суда прежде, чем она начнёт давать показания.

В предложении используется фразеологическое сращение to take the stand, словарь предлагает варианты перевода:

А) настаивать на своём мнении;

Б) давать показания в суде.

При переводе используется второй вариант, применяется приём замены относительным фразеологическим эквивалентом.

18) He said that the root cause was young people "being brought up to believe that life was just easy. Life is not easy. If you take for granted that life will be easy, then anger develops, frustration, and riots."

Он заявил, что причиной являются молодые люди, воспитанные с уверенностью в том, что жить легко. Это не так. Когда человек считает лёгкую жизнь чем-то само собой разумеющимся, нарастает злость, раздражение и беспорядки.

В данном предложении автор использует фразеологическое сочетание take for granted, словарь даёт следующие варианты толкования:

1) считать само собой разумеющимся

2) принимать на веру

3) принимать как должное

В варианте перевода используется третий вариант, применяется приём перевода эквивалентом.

19) Not only did we learn that the gale is blowing more fiercely against the CDU, but also that Germany's main opposition party, the Social Democratic Party, has the wind in its sails (its vote rose by more than 4% compared with a fall of 8% for the CDU).

Мы знаем не только о том, что над Христианско-демократическим союзом сгущаются тучи, но ещё и главная оппозиционная партия Германии - социал-демократы, поймали попутный ветер (количество проголосовавших за них увеличилось на 4 процента, при том что в прошлом году они потеряли 8 процентов голосов).

В предложении употребляется фразеологическое сращение to have the wind in sails, в переводе употребляется ФЕ поймать попутный ветер, который является относительным эквивалентом

19) But it also showed the subtle importance of Trierweiler behind the scenes.

Но это также показывало «закулисную» роль Валери Триервейлер.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое сращение behind the scences, словарь предлагает вариант перевода тайно, скрытно, за кулисами. При переводе используется буквализм «закулисная роль».

20) The final nail in Sarkozy's early popularity was when he paraded his Disneyland first date and Petra mini-break with Bruni, quickly making her his third wife only months after they had first met.

Окончательно разрушили популярность Саркози отношения с Карлой Бруни: первое свидание в Диснейленде, импровизированный отпуск в Иордании в городе Петра и женитьба спустя лишь несколько месяцев с начала отношений.

В предложении используется фразеологическое сочетание the final nail, в словаре можно найти фразеологическое сочетание coffinnail - гвоздь в крышку гроба, в предложении употребляется трансформированный фразеологизм. В переводе употребляется описательный перевод.

21) To a large degree, Mr. Kumar has been playing catch-up For more than a decade, the other major Indian business group, C.I.I., has operated as one of the most influential interlocutors of Indian foreign policy, helping to facilitate closer Indian ties with Japan, Singapore and, most important, the United States.

По большому счёту, господин Кумар сейчас - в роли догоняющего. Более десятилетия другая индийская бизнес группа C.I.I. выступала главным посредником при реализации внешней политики индии, помогая укрепить отношения Индии с Японией, Сингапуром, и, что самое главное, США.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое единство to play catch-up. В предложенном переводе употребляется в роли догоняющего, применяется обертональный перевод.

22) After the elections in Germany's biggest state, the ground has certainly shaken under her. But it has not yet shaken her off her feet.

После выборов в крупнейшей из федеральных земель Германии, земля пошатнулась у неё под ногами, но госпожа Меркель удержала ситуацию под контролем.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое единство the ground shake under smb. В предложенном переводе употребляется калька «земля пошатнулась у неё под ногами».

23) Morale among state school teachers is at "rock bottom", according to a former chief inspector of schools, who speaks out as unions warn that a "perfect storm" of government meddling threatens an exodus of talent from the profession.

По мнению бывшего главного инспектора школ, «боевой дух» у учителей и так практически на нуле. Он также озвучил предупреждение профсоюзов о том, что избыток государственного контроля приведёт к катастрофическим последствиям и оттоку талантливых специалистов из области образования.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое единство «at rock bottom», при переводе используется обертональный перевод: сочетание morale at the “rock bottom” заменяется на «боевой дух на нуле».

Также в этом предложении употребляется фразеологическое сращение “perfect storm”, используется обертональный перевод.

24) Italy's crisis could be a blessing in disguise.

Кризис в Италии может обернуться удачей для Евросоюза.

В данном предложении употреблено фразеологическое единство blessing in disguise - неожиданная удача; неприятность, оказавшаяся благом, применяется описательный перевод.

25) The government should bite the bullet and ban the publication of the tables this year - Правительству следует принять волевое решение и запретить публикацию результатов тестирования.

26) Viper's nest of tax avoiders - Змеиное гнездо людей уклоняющихся от уплаты налогов.

В данном предложении употреблено фразеологическое сращение a nest of vipers, которое является интернациональной ФЕ, применяется фразеологический перевод абсолютным аналогом.

27) Should Africa beware tech companies bearing gifts?

Насколько сладки плоды дары прогресса в Африке?

В данном предложении употребляется трансформированное фразеологическое сращение, применяется обертональный перевод.

28) The real casus belli: peak oil.

Действительная причина войны - нефть.

В данном предложении употребляется ФЕ casus belli, при переводе применяется описательный перевод.

29) What the other papers said: In Extremis - Краткий обзор прессы.

В данном предложении употребляется фразеологическое сращение in extremis, при переводе применяется описательный перевод.Размещено на Allbest.ru