Professional sea English language

From a position 19 miles S. of M.B.K. steer 080° between Banc Rivier and Torcy Bank.

From a position 5 miles N. of M.B. steer 080 "between B.R. and T.B,

Steer 080 ° until about the meridian of 108 ° 50'.

From a position about the meridian of 108 ° 50* steer to the NE.

This course will lead clear of the banks and dangerous wrecks.

The banks and wrecks extend SSW from Pointe Lagan.

(a) Directions.ТЫ following route, coastwise from Sai Gon NE was used by HMS Warrior in September 1954 on several occasions.

From a position 19 miles S of Mui Ba Kiem (6.10), steer 055 ° to a position 5 miles N of Madge Bank, thence steer 080 ° between Banc Rivier and Torcy Bank until about the meridian of 108 ° 50' E, when course may be altered to the NE clear of the banks and dangerous wrecks extending SSE from Pointe Lagan.

Exercise 6, Answer these questions

From what position should a vessel steer 080 °?

How long should a vessel steer 055 °?

When may course be altered to the NE?

In what direction do the banks and dangerous wrecks extend from Points Lagan?

By what ship was this route used in September 1954?

What country did the ship belong to?

Exercise 7. Passage (b) describes recommendations how to enter Kyuquot channel. (K. ch.) Read the passage and answer these questions

1. May vessels enter K. channel without local knowledge in clear weather?

At what distance from Barrier islands should vessels proceed when approaching from south-eastward?

At what distance should the dangers be avoided when approaching from westward?

What recommendations are given to a vessel entering the channel?

(b) Directions. No vessel should attempt to enter Kyuquot channel, without local knowledge, except in clear weather.

In approaching from south-eastward, Barrier islands should be given a berth of at least 1 lA miles, and in approaching from westward, the dangers southward of Thornton islands should be given a berth of at least one mile.

A vessel entering the channel should bring the summit of Whiteley island to bear 040° , midway between Rugged and Chatchannel points, to pass midway between the dangers on either side of the approach and about 4 cables north-westward of the light-and-whistle buoy. When nearing Chatchannel point, course should be altered, eastward, to pass about half a mile eastward of the point (Lot 50°00'N., Long. 121° WW.).

Exercise 8. Decide whether these statements are true or false or the passage doesn V say. Correct the false ones

A vessel may enter K. channel without local knowledge in any weather.

B. islands should be given a berth of at least one mile when approaching from south-eastward.

A vessel should pass midway between R. and Ch. Points when nearing Ch. point.

The dangers are on either side of the approach.

A vessel should pass midway between the dangers.

Vessels may enter K. channel without local knowledge in clear weather.

A vessel entering the channel should pass about 4 cables south-eastward of the light-and-whistle buoy.

The light-and-whistle buoy marks the dangers on the port side of the approach.

Exercise 9. Passage (c) describes recommendations how to approach The Quay. Read the passage and copy out all the recommendations how to approach The Quay

(c) Directions. Wells Fairway Light-buoy (safe water) (53° 00'N, 0°5ГЕ) isnoored 7 cables NNE of the entrance to the approach channel called The Run. Ities between Bob Hall's Sand to the E and West Sands to the W. The outer part of he channel is marked by buoys, some lighted, which are moved as necessary and ihould not be relied upon. The inner part of the channel lies between the sands off -ligh Cape and those off The Bink, 1 V% miles E. High Cape and The Bink are sandidges. The channel is marked by beacons, some lighted, with diamond topmarks on the W side and square topmarks on the E side. The lifeboat house stands on the coast at the N end of a straight embankment constructed for the reclamation of Holkham Marshes, and which runs S from the sandhills to the town. At the S end of the embankment the channel turns E for The Quay.

Exercise 10. Passage (d) describes recommendations how to minimise the effects of the tidal streams at the harbour entrance

What are these recommendations? Copy out them.

When is entry feasible? What synonym to the word feasible do you know?

(d) Directions. To minimise the effects of the tidal streams at the harbour en trance it is recommended that vessels enter harbour on the in-going stream and de part on the out-going stream. The optimum time to enter Lowestoft is 1 hour before local HW or 1 hour after local LW when the tidal streams across the entrance should be weak. Whether approaching from the N or S, the approach should be made as slowly as possible until about 100 m off the entrance when speed should be increased and the appropriate wheel applied to maintain the centerline of the en trance.

Entry is feasible during E gales just after LW as the offshore sandbanks make an excellent breakwater. Entry is not advisable for large or low powered vessels during SE gales.

Exercise 11. Passage (e) describes recommendations how to enter the harbour

What are these recommendations? Copy them out.

What is a recommended time to enter the harbour?

(e) Directions. From a position SE of the harbour entrance the route is NW to the entrance crossing the bar, composed of sand and shingle, which varies with the season and the effect of wind and sea. The entrance is formed by two piers and is 46 m wide decreasing to 35 m within the pierheads. Lights (metal column, 3 m in height) are exhibited from each pierhead. Within the entrance the route follows the channel formed initially by the piers and then by the River Blyth. A recommended time to enter the harbour is 2 to 3 hours after the recommencement of the in-going stream.

UNIT 13. BERTHING AND LEAVING BERTH. TOWING

PARTI

Vocabulary and reading

Practise these words orally, and then read part one of the text

Fenders - кранцы fa" Heaving line - бросательный конец fa" Appropriate - соответствующий, надлежащий fa" Headway - передний ход, инерция переднего хода fa" Sternway - задний ход, инерция заднего хода fa' Steerage-way ~ ход, достаточный для управления рулём fa" To back - дать задний ход fa" Hawser - перлинь, (стальной) трос fa" Embankment - 1.дамба, насыпь 2. набережная fa" Bollard - причальная тумба fa" Warping drum - сновальный барабан fa" Head-rope /headline - носовой швартов fa" Bow spring /backspringforward- носовой шпринг fa" breast line - прижимной швартов fa" Stern rope / sternline - кормовой швартов fa" Stern spring/ backspring aft - кормовой шпринг fa" To secure - крепить, закреплять

fa" To heave (heaved, hove) тянуть, выбирать, подтягивать fa" Taut - тугой, натянутый (о канате) fa" Slack - слабый, имеющий слабину (о канате) fa" To veer in - выбирать (конец веревки) fa" To veer out - травить, вытравливать fa" Quay- набережная, стенка fa" To moor - швартоваться

Expressions

fa" To make fast alongside - швартоваться лагом

fa" To make fast stern to - швартоваться кормой

fa- To get moored "^

fa" To get berthed I ошвартоваться

fa- To get tied up

fa" To work the ship into her berth -*

fa" To bring the ship alongside the quay -поставить судно к причалу

fa" To make the starboard (port) landing - ошвартоваться правым (левым) бортом

fa" To get alongside starboard (port) side to - швартоваться правым (левым бортом

fc" To run out a line it is advisable - подать (вытравить) конец рекомендуется

^ То swing the bow to starboard (port) ~ развернуть носом вправо (влево), уваливать

Р^ То sheer the stern from the quay, to double up fore and aft - отвести («отбить») корму от причала, завести дугошни с носа и кормы

Exercise l.Read the text and be ready to answer the questions

Ships make fast to a wharf either alongside or stern to. When approaching a berth, ships must proceed at slow speed. On deck, heaving lines and mooring ropes, as well as fenders, should be ready for use. The anchors must be ready to let go. At an appropriate distance from the berth the engine is stopped and the ship's headway is used to bring her alongside the wharf. This headway should be just enough to keep the ship moving ahead without losing steerage-way. If a ship has too much headway it should be stopped by backing the ship with the engine or by letting the anchor go. When the vessel approaches her designated berth at minimum steerage-way, the approach to the quay is made at the smallest possible angle. With a heaving line the hawser is pulled from the vessel onto the embankment by line-handlers. The spring is fastened to a bollard^ and while the engine is on half astern, the warping drum picks up the slack (that is: pulls the line tight).To prevent the line from being fouled, the hawser or spring is led through a fairlead. The ship is then manoeuvred along the embankment and fastened to bollards.

A ship is made fast to the quayside by mooring lines. They consist of a headline, a breast line and a back spring forward, a stern line, a breast line and a back spring aft. Any of these lines may be doubled. Each line has a large eye spliced in the end. The eye is placed over a bollard on the quayside. If there is another line already on the bollard, the eye of the second line should be taken up through the eye of the first line before placing it over the bollard. This makes it possible for either line to be let go first.

After the ship is secured in her berth, rat-guards should be placed on all the lines. For permanent moorings wire ropes are preferred to ordinary fibre ropes

AH the mooring lines should be constantly watched, as the change of weather or rise and fall of tide can make the lines too taut or too slack and this will necessitate veering them in or out from time to time. Nowadays there are automatic winches used for this purpose. In stormy weather the ships secured in their berths usually have to double up fore and aft.

During berthing operations seamen must work with great caution. Carelessness may cause serious injuries.

Exercise 2. Answer the following questions

What are the necessary preparations before berthing the ship?

What power is used to bring the vessel to her berthing place? What can be the engines used for?

What is the usual procedure for mooring the ship? What lines are used for it?

What is the way of placing the mooring rope over a bollard?

What necessary arrangements must be done after the ship is made fast?

Exercise 3. Fill in the blanks, using the given words

veer out fairlead mooring ropes embankment fasten

make fast steerage way rat guards

Your ship may to a wharf № 4.

A heaving line and a hawser are pulled from the vessel onto the

by line handlers.

The springs are to bollards.

A ship is made fast to the quayside by the .

If the lines are too taut or too slack you must them .

To prevent the line from being fouled it must be led through the .

After the ship is in its berth, you must place on all the lines.

The vessel must approach to her berth at minimum .

Exercise 4. Correct the mistakes

All the mooring ropes should be constantly watched as the change of weather or rise and fall of tide can make the anchor chain too taut or too slack and this will necessitate fastening it to the bollard.

At an appropriate distance from the berth the engine is stopped and the ship's steerageway is used to bring her alongside the tug.

When the ship is in her berth there must be lookouts watching all the lines.

If a ship has too much headway it should be stopped with the help of two tugboats towing her in the opposite direction, or by pulling the heaving line to the embankment.

In stormy weather helicopters secured in their berths usually have to double up anchor chain.

A single buoy mooring is a stone-built structure at which vessels can lie alongside, usually with public access, usually approached through a lock, maintaining the water at constant level

A wharf means a single column of wood, steel or concrete to take ships' lines.

Exercise 5. Read the passage and learn the definitions

A berth may be at:

1. A single buoy mooring (SBM) - a single buoy carrying pipe-lines for tankers. It is usually situated at the distance of 20 miles from shore and more.

Dolphins - single columns of wood, steel or concrete to take ships' lines. Can be used together with

A T-jetty or Pier

A Dock - an enclosed area of water, usually approached through a lock, maintaining the water at constant level

A Quay - a stone-built structure at which vessels can lie alongside, usually with public access. It may be in a dock or it can be a river berth.

A Wharf- a stone or similar structure at which vessels can lie alongside, Usually in enclosed dock, with warehouse facilities.

Exercise 6. Translate the extracts from the pilot book

The wharves and piers on the Philadelphia side of the Delaware River are numbered consecutively. From the foot of Market Street, about a quarter of a mile below the suspension bridge, northward of Fort Richmond. The wharves at Port Richmond are numbered independently. Those on the western side of the river including Petty Island, and the eastern side opposite Philadelphia, have depths up to 38 feet, those in the Schuylkill River, up to 30 feet. There are several municipal piers which are equipped with modern appliances for working cargo; these and a large proportion of the other wharves and piers are connected to the railway.

The wharves on the Camden side are numbered consecutively from Pavonia, on the eastern side of the entrance to Cooper River, southward to Newton Creek, with the exception of the railway wharves, which are numbered independently. There are municipal wharves on this side with depths up to 30 feet alongside,

All the wharves and jetties are connected to the general railway system. West quay is equipped with cranes of from 3 to 5 tons lifting capacity; in addition, there is a 10-ton crane on No. 3 wharf, a 15-ton crane on No. 6 quay, and a 20-ton crane on West quay. A few lighters are available.

Tug berth, on the southern side of the turning basin, is 95 feet (29m0) in length, with a depth alongside of 18 feet (5m5)

The Passenger landing jetty (Lat 33' 0Г S., Long. 27 64' E.) is 283 feet (86m3) in length, with a depth alongside of 13 feet (4m0). Fish wharf is situated close below the bridge at the head of the harbour; it is 360 feet (109m7) in length, with a depth alongside of 20 feet (6ml).

e) Dockyard pier projects from the southern shore of the harbour, close westward
of the Naval dockyard. It is L-shaped, and is 160 by 42 feet (48m8 by 12m8)
and has a depth of 14,5 feet 80 (4m4) alongside its end; there is a 5-ton travel
ling crane on the pier.

The passenger landing pier projects about 150 feet (45m7) from the shore abreast the Roman Catholic Church, and at its outer end is a pontoon, 50 feet (15m2) in length, with a depth alongside of 10 feet (3m0). All persons must land at this pier, at the root of which is the Custom house. Boats are not allowed to make fast to piers nor to lie alongside for any length of time. Moderate engineering repairs can be carried out by the Government Railway and Harbour workshops. Fair quantities of fresh provisions are obtainable, but prior notice is desirable. Water can only be obtained in small quantities in case of emergency.

Exercise 7. Find English equivalents for the following phrases

предварительно оборудованный за исключением

приспособления выполнять, производить наружный, внешний

последовательно грузоподъемность сходить на берег

PART 2

Exercise 8. Watch the CD-ROM program "International Maritime English Programme "

(Berthing, leaving berth and underway " (pay particular attention to shots 5-19)

Draw the scheme of a vessel with all lines used.

Sign the lines and the equipment necessary to work with them

Exercise 9. Read, translate and memorize the text

When approaching the berth, commands for mooring are given by the pilot or the master. The first order to be given is uGivG on shore the heaving line!". It is pulled from the vessel on shore by line-handlers (linesmen). Then comes the next order: "Send on shore...". First the essential lines should be sent on shore, such as the head rope, the stern rope, then the breast lines and the springs.

If a line is too short it should be paid away. And vice versa if it is too long the order "Heave in the slack" is given.

When leaving berth, casting off orders are given by the pilot or the master. After having started the engine, the first order is: "Stand by for letting go!".

When a line is cast off the next order will then be: "Heave away", which means that the line can be pulled aboard.

The sequence of commands for mooring that can then be given depends on how the vessel is supposed to be berthed, and on the prevailing weather condition and currents.

Exercise 10. Listen to the dialogue

The vessel is getting ready to sail from Newharbour to Havenport; the first leg of a voyage that's going to take her halfway round the world.

Captain:	Utopia Forward Station, Utopia Aft Station, this is Utopia Bridge. How do you read me?
Chief Officer:	Utopia Bridge, this is Utopia Forward Station. I read you with signal strength five.
Second Officer:	Utopia Bridge, this is Utopia Aft Station. 1 read you with signal strength five.
Captain:	Utopia Forward Station. Single up forward to head line and spring.
Chief Officer:	I will single up.
Captain:	Utopia Aft Station. Single up aft to breast line and stern buoy line. Take tugs towing line to capstan, then make fast on starboard quarter.
Second Officer:	I will single up and make tug fast.
Chief Officer:	Utopia. Singled up forward.
Second Officer:	Utopia Singled up aft.Tug fast.
Captain:	Utopia. Let go fare and aft.
Chief Officer:	Utopia Forward Station. Let go.
Second Officer:	Utopia Aft Station. Let go.

Exercise 11. Make your own dialogue using the commands above

Be very careful when naming the lines. The omission of one word can change the command completely and cause an accident. Compare:

"Cast off stern!" (all the stern ropes, including stern tug towing line if applicable)

"Cast off stern line"

Exercise 12. Read, translate and find Russian equivalents for the commands

Single up - "Single up fore/aft" - Instruction to haul or pull onboard all but essential lines mentioned, so that ship is ready to leave the quay or berth.

Let go - "let go fore and aft" - cast off all lines. In case a specific line is mentioned this line is the only one to be let go,

Take to - "take tug's towing line to capstans" - bring the towing line from the tug to the capstan, so that when the capstan is started the line can be hauled on board ship.

Make fast - "... then make fast on starboard quarter" - take a line to the bitts so that it will hold weight without slipping.

Exercise 13. Answer the following questions

What line leads aft from the forecastle to the shore?

What line leads forward from the port quarter to the shore?

What are lines and springs made fast on ashore?

What are lines and springs made fast on onboard?

What does a line pass through to ensure the best route for it?

What is a windlass used for?

Exercise 14. Odd one out

winch fairlead windlass warping drum capstan

embankment quay wharf warehouse pier berth

to con to maneuver to steer to pilot to secure

to berth to get moored to make fast to cast off

bollard rope line mooring spring breastline hawser

Exercise 15.Read and learn the following Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP). Record your own voice. Replay the original and your own version

Швартовка и отшвартовка	Berthing and unberthing
Общие указания	General
Гребной винт чист?	Is propeller clear?
Да, гребной винт чист	Yes, propeller clear
Нет, гребной винт не чист	No, propeller not clear
Держать гребной винт чисто	Keep propeller clear
Остановить гребной винт!	Stop propeller
Гребной винт остановлен	Propeller stopped
На причале имеются кранцы?	Are fenders on berth?
Да, кранцы на причале имеются	Yes, fenders on berth
На причале нет кранцев	No, no fenders on berth
Приготовить кранцы на носу и на корме!	Have fenders ready fore and aft
Швартовка	Berthing
Мы будем швартоваться левым бортом	We will berth port side alongside
Мы будем швартоваться правым бортом	We will berth starboard side alongside
Мы будем швартоваться к бочке (-ам) носом и кормой	We will moor to buoy(s) ahead and astern
Мы будем швартоваться к причалу	We will moor alongside
Мы будем швартоваться к кустам свай	We will moor to dolphins
Подайте носовой / продольный / кормовой / прижимной конец	Send out head / stem / breast lines
Подайте носовой (-ые) шпринг (-и)	Send out... spring(s) forward
Подайте кормовой (-ые) шпринг (-и)	Send out... spring(s) aft
У вас есть автоматические швартовные лебёдки?	Do you have tension winches?
Да, у нас имеются автоматические швартовные лебёдки (носовые и кормовые)	Yes, we have tension winches (forward and aft)
Нет, у нас нет автоматических лебёдок	No, we have no tension winches
Приготовьте носовые и кормовые бросательные концы	Have heaving lines ready forward and aft
Подавайте бросательные / носовые / кормовые / прижимные концы на берег	Send heaving / head / stern / breast line ashore
Швартовщики будут использовать скобы / найтовы для крепления швартовов	The linesmen will use shackles / lashings for securing mooring
Подавайте через центральный / панам-ский клюз	Use centre / panama lead
Подавайте через носовой скуловой клюз	Use bow lead
Подавайте через левый / правый кормо-шклюз	Use port quarter / starboard quarter lead
Выбрать конец (-ы) ... шпринг (-и)	Heave on ... line(s) / ... spring(s)
Подобрать слабину ... конца (-ов) ... на принг (-и)	Pickup slacken ... line(s) /... spring(s)
Выбирать!	Heave away!
топ выбирать!	Stop heaving!
Травить швартовы (-ы)... шпринг (-и)!	Slack away ... line(s) /... spring(s)
Стоп травить швартовы (-ы) ... шпринг (и)!	Stop slacking ... line(s) /... spring(s)
Задержать конец (-ы) ... шпринг (-и)	Hold on ... line(s)/ ... spring
Подбирать понемногу	Heave in easy
Поджимайтесь к причалу	Heave alongside
(ержать швартовы втугую!	Keep lines tight
Сообщите расстояние по носу до ... /по корме до ...	Report forward / aft distance to ...
Вы должны продвинуться на.., метров (перед / назад	We have to move ... meters ahead / astern
Мы находимся в нужном положении	We are in position
Среиить носовые и кормовые швартовы!	Make fast fore and aft
Срепить носовые!	Fast forward
Крепить кормовые!	Fast aft
Отшвартовка	Unberthing
Приготовить машину (-ы)	Stand by engine(s)
Машина (-ы) готова (-ы)	Engine(s) standing by
Вы готовы начать движение?	Are you ready to get underway?
Да, мы готовы начать движение	Yes, ready (to get underway)
Нет, мы ещё не готовы начать движение	No, not ready (yet) (to get underway)
Мы будем готовы начать движение через ... минут	Ready to get underway in ... minutes
Приготовиться к отшвартовке!	Stand by for let go
К отшвартовке!	Standing by for let go
Оставить по одному продольному и шпрингу на носу и на корме	Single up ... lines and ... springs fore and aft
Травить носовой / кормовой / прижимной!	Slack away head / stem / breast line
Травить носовой / кормовой шпринг!	Slack away fore / aft spring
Задержать носовой / кормовой / прижимной!	Hold on head / stem / breast line
Задержать носовой / кормовой шпринг!	Hold on fore / aft spring
Выбрать носовой / кормовой / прижимной!	Heave on head / stern / breast line
Выбрать носовой / кормовой шпринг!	Heave on fore / aft spring
Отдать все носовые / кормовые!	Let go everything forward / aft
Отдать носовой / кормовой / прижимной!	Let go head / stern / breast line
Отдать носовой / кормовой / шпринг!	Let go fore / aft spring
Отдать буксирный трос! ... отдан(-ы)	Let go tug line .... is / are let go
Приготовить к отдаче оба якоря!	Stand by both anchor(s)
Оба якоря готовы к отдаче	Both anchor(s) standing by

Additional reading

A.I. Read the text quickly and grasp the main idea of each passage

Different types of rope

A large number of different types of rope are used on board ship, and it is important for every sailor to know their characteristics so that the right rope can be used for the right job. Ropes can be divided into three basic types: natural fibre rope, which is made from the fibres of different plants; synthetic fibre rope, which is made from materials such as nylon; and wire rope, which is made from strands of steel wire.

First let us look at the different types of natural fibre rope. A well-known rope of this type is Manila. Manila rope is made from the fibres of a plant which grows in the Philippine Islands of the Pacific. It is strong and flexible, but rather expensive. It is used for a number of jobs connected with cargo-handling and mooring. Because manila rope is expensive, sisal rope is often used in its place. Sisal comes from a plant which grows in the USA and Russia. It is less strong and less flexible than manila rope, but it is cheaper. It is used for moorings and lashings. Another type of rope is hemp rope. Hemp comes from a plant which grows in the USSR, Europe and North America as well as in China and India. It is strong and flexible and does not shrink or swell after contact with water. Because of this it is used on sailing boats. Coir ropes are made from coconut fibres. They are very buoyant and very elastic, but they rot easily when they are wet. They are sometimes used for mooring and towing lines. The cotton plant grows in the southern part of North America. Cotton rope is both strong and flexible, but it is very expensive and therefore not used on merchant ships. Because it looks nice, it is often used on yachts and pleasure boats.

Natural fibre ropes have now largely been replaced by synthetic fibre ropes. Synthetic ropes have many advantages. They are strong and elastic and they are resistant to the action of water. Nylon rope is the strongest and the most elastic of all the synthetic fibre ropes. It is used for mooring and handling cargo. Terylene rope has the highest melting point. It melts at a temperature of 260'C. It is also strong and elastic. It is mainly used on yachts. Another type of synthetic fibre rope is polypropylene rope. It has the lowest melting point of all synthetic ropes and is used for log lines and halyards.

Wire rope is made of steel. It is usually galvanized to stop it from rusting. It is very strong and elastic, but not as flexible as other types of rope. Large wire ropes are very heavy. Wire rope has many uses on board ship, particularly for standing rigging, mooring lines and for cargo-handling.

А.2. Enumerate all types of ropes and their properties. How do you think, w, ropes are most widely used in merchant fleet

Towing

Vocabulary and reading

Practise these words orally, and then read part one of the text

ft" To tow - буксировать

fr< To shift -перешвартовываться, переводить на другой причал

ft" Repairs - ремонт

ft" Tow-line - буксирный трос, конец

fk" Steel wire - стальная проволока

ft" Length - длина; отрезок, конец (троса)

ft*- То afford - предоставлять, давать

ft* То shorten - укорачивать

ft* The ship is disabled - судно потеряло управление

ft5" To arrange - уславливаться, договариваться, подготавливаться

ft" Assistance - помощь

ft9" To settle - устраивать, урегулировать, договариваться

Exercise I. Read the text and get ready to retell it

Towing

Ships may need towing in a number of cases. When in port, tugs may be required to take ships to or from their berths. Sometimes it may be necessary to shift the ship from one berth to another and the port tug is usually ordered to do mis job.

It may also happen that the ship will need dry docking for cleaning the bottom and repairs to the hull. A tug-boat will then be required to manoeuvre the ship into the dock.

Big ships require big tow-lines. Most modern vessels are provided with steel wire tow-lines of sufficient length. It is advisable to use wire hawsers connected with a good length of manila rope, as this will afford the necessary elasticity to tow-lines. Tug-boat towing the vessels may either pull them or push them ahead.

As a rule, port tugs are well equipped and use their own lines and hawsers for towing. In such cases masters of ships arrange with the captain of a tug how tug-lines should be secured, which side should the tug approach the ship etc.

A ship may become disabled at sea and in this case she will need some other vessel or a tug to tow her to the nearest port. She may then have to ask the nearest vessel for assistance and such a vessel may not be specialized in towing. In such cases the masters of both vessels will have to settle many problems before the actual towing can begin. They must discuss what tow-lines should be used, how the distressed vessel should be approached, how the lines should be passed over and secured and how long they must be.

Towing a disabled vessel a long way is a very difficult task because the weather may suddenly change and make the towing extremely dangerous.

The towing and towed vessels communicate with each other to coordinate their actions. Nowadays they usually do it by VHF radiotelephone.

Exercise 2. Answer the questions

What may a tug be required for when in port?

What kind lines can be used for towing?

What combination of lines is recommended for towing and why?

What must the master of a ship settle with the master of a tug?

What happens if a ship becomes disabled at sea? How can it be towed into a port?

Why is it difficult to tow a vessel a long way?

Why should the towing and the towed vessels communicate with each other?

Exercise 3. Correct the mistakes

It is forbidden to use wire hawsers connected with a good length of manila rope, as this will spoil the elasticity of tow-lines.

The port tug is usually ordered to manoeuvre the ship clear of ecologically sensitive areas.

Towing a disabled vessel a long way is a very difficult task because the master's mood may suddenly change and make the towing extremely dangerous.

As a rule, port tugs are well equipped and use their own chains for towing.

In such cases masters of ships arrange with the captain of a tug how tug-lines should be called, which side should the tug leave the ship etc.

Exercise 4. Read and learn the following Standard Marine Communication Phrases. Record your own voice. Replay the original and your own version

Помощь буксира	Tug assistance
Сколько буксиров вам требуется?	How many tugs do you require?
Мне требуется ... буксиров	I require ... tug (s)
Должен ли я брать буксир (-ы)?	Must I take tug (s)?
Да, вы должны брать буксир (-s)	Yes, you must take ... tug (s)
Нет, вам не надо брать буксир (-ы)	No, you need not take tug (s)
Сколько я должен взять буксиров?	How many tugs must I take?
Вы должны взять ... буксир (-ов) в соответствии с Портовыми правилами	You must take .. tug (s) according to Pon Regulations
Вы должны взять ... буксир (-ов) с носа и ... буксир (-ов) с кормы	You must take ... tug (s) fore and ... tug (s)aft
Я закажу буксир (-ы)	I will order tug (s)
В каком месте буксир (-ы) встретят меня?	In what position will tug (s) meet me?
Буксир (-ы) будут встречать вас в месте ... в . . местного времени	Tug (s) will meet you in position ... at... local time
Ждите буксир (-ы) в точке ... (местоположение)	Wait for tug (s) in position ...
Должен ли я использовать свои буксирные тросы?	Must I take my towing lines?
Да, вы должны использовать свои буксирные тросы	Yes, you must take your towing lines
Нет, вы не должны использовать свои буксирные тросы	No, you must take towing lines of tug
Помощь буксиров прекращена до ... (дата и местное время)	Tug services suspended until ... (date and local time)
Помощь буксиров возобновляется ... (дата) в ... местного времени	Tug services resumed on ... (date at... local time)
Мы будем использовать .. буксир (-ы)	We will take ... tug (s)
Буксир (-ы) будет (-ут) тянуть / толкать	Tug(s) will pull / push
Мы принимаем буксирный (-ые) трос (-ы) с судна	We take lines of vessel
Мы принимаем буксирный (-ые) трос (-ы) с буксира	We take line(s) of tug(s)
Приготовиться крепить буксир (-ы)!	Stand by for making fast tug(s)
Готовы крепить буксир (-ы)	Standing by for making fast tug(s)
Используйте центральный / панамский клюз	Use centre / panama lead
Используйте левый / правый клюз	Use fairlead on port side / starboard side
Используйте центральный клюз	Use fairlead amidships
Используйте левый / правый носовой клюз	Use fairlead on port bow / starboard bow
Используйте левый / правый кормовой клюз	Use fairlead on port / starboard quarter
Подать бросательный конец на буксир!	Send heaving line to tug
Подать два буксирных троса на буксир!	Send two towing lines to tug
Потравить буксирный трос (-ы) на буксир!	Lower towing line(s) ... to tug
Потравить буксирный (- ые) трос (-ы) ... метра (-ов) над водой	Lower towing line(s) ... metre(s) from the water
Травить буксирный трос (-ы)!	Slack away towing line(s)
Крепить буксир (-ы)!	Make fast tug(s)
Крепить носовой буксир (-ы)!	Make fast tug(s) forward
Крепить левый носовой буксир (-ы)!	Make fast tug(s) on port bow
Крепить правый носовой буксир (-ы)5	Make fast tug(s) on starboard bow
Крепить . . кормовой буксир (-ы)!	Make fast... tug(s) aft
Крепить левый кормовой буксир (-ы)!	Make fast... tug(s) on port quarter
Крепить правый кормовой буксир (-ы)!	Make fast... tug(s) on starboard quarter
Крепить носовой буксир (-ы) левого / правого борта!	Make fast forward tug(s) alongside on port side / starboard side
Крепить кормовой буксир (-ы) левого / правого борта!	Make fast aft tug(s) alongside on the port side / starboard side
Крепить ... буксир (-ы) на носу с каждого борта!	Make fast... tug(s) on each bow
Крепить . буксир (-ы) на корме у каждого борта!	Make fast... tug(s) on each quarter
Положите огоны буксирных тросов на кнехты	Put eyes of towing lines on bitts
Буксир (-ы) закреплен (-ы) (на ...)	Tug(s) fast (on . )
Держитесь в стороне от буксирных тросов	Keep well clear of towing line(s)
Приготовиться отдать буксир (-ы)!	Stand by for let go tug(s)
Готовы отдать буксир (-ы)	Standing by for let go tug(s)
Отдать буксир (-ы)!	Let go tug(s)
Буксир (-ы) отдан (-ы)	Tug(s) is / are let go
Буксирный трос порван	Towing line broken

Exercise 5. Put the words in the correct order

me, what, will, In, tug(s), meet, position?

on, bitts, eyes, towing, put, lines,of

tug(s), for, fast, by, making, stand

services, until, tug, tomorrow, suspended

lines, I, towing, my, take, must?

bow, fairlead, use, port, on

line(s), of, well, keep, towing, clear

alongside, the, make, tug(s), port, on, fast, side, aft

towing, away, slack, line(s)

10. to, lines, tug, two, send, towing

Exercise 6. Listen to the cassette and fill in the blanks

Ships communicate with each other and with in a number of ways: by

radio, by flags, by light and and by semaphore. The International Convention adopted a uniform of International Code Signals which is widely

used by all the . In this system a single or a combination of letters

signifies a whole .

When the ship receives these the watch officer them into

letters (or their combinations) and finds their meaning in the code , where

they are grouped in certain order. Single-letter signals are to denote urgent

or very messages. For instance, signal "G" means: "1 a pilot".

As it was mentioned above, they also have a special when used between

towing and towed . For example, the same signal "Gr in this case means:

"Cast the towing hawser", the signal "A" signifies: "The towing hawser is

", etc.

Exercise 7. Read and learn the following regulation signals used when towing

Is the towing hawser fast?	Закреплен ли буксир?
All fast.	Все закреплено.
Are you ready for towing?	Вы готовы к буксировке?
Everything is ready for towing.	Все готово к буксировке.
Commence towing!	Начинайте буксировать!
I am commencing to tow.	Я начинаю буксировать.
Shorten in the towing hawser.	Укоротите буксир!
I am altering my course to starboard.	Я поворачиваю вправо.
Steer to starboard.	Идите вправо.
Pay out the towing hawser.	Потравите буксир.
Veer out the tow line.
Cast off the towing hawser.	Отдайте буксир.
Continue the present course!	Продолжайте следовать тем же курсом!
Stop your engines at once!	Остановите немедленно ваши машины!
Keep away before the sea!	Отводите от волны!
Bring me to shelter or to an anchor as soon as possible!	Приведите меня в закрытое место или поставьте на якорь как можно скорее!
Shall we anchor at once?	Должны ли мы немедленно стать на якорь?
I want to anchor at once.	Я хочу немедленно стать на якорь
Go slower!	Уменьшить ход!
My engines are going astern.	Мои машины работают задним ходом.
Go astern!	Дайте задний ход!
Increase your speed!	Увеличьте ход!
I am paying out the towing hawser.	Я травлю буксир.
Get spare towing rope ready.	Приготовьте запасной буксир.
I cannot carry out your order.	Я не могу выполнить ваше распоряжение.

Exercise 8. Give English equivalents to the following phrases

Запасной буксир готов.

Я отвожу от волны.

Я должен отдать буксир.

Я останавливаю свои машины.

Должен ли я продолжать следовать тем же курсом?

Я уменьшу ход.

Буксир закреплен.

Exercise 9. Translate from Russian into English using the following phrases

To make fast alongside starboard (port) side - швартоваться лагом правым (левым) бортом

То be stem on to the current -- стоять носом к течению То swing at anchor - разворачиваться на якоре

Я хочу рассказать вам, как мы швартовались однажды в речном порту. Портовый лоцман поднялся на судно еще в устье реки. Капитан начал расспрашивать его об условиях швартовки в этом порту. Лоцман рассказал, что течение там очень сильное, 7 -- 8 узлов. Высота прилива тоже очень большая -- до 5 метров. Глубины на входе малые, фарватер узкий. Судно может входить в порт только в полную воду.

У причала глубины 8 -- 8,5 метров; Судно должно швартоваться лагом левым бортом носом против течения. По правилам порта взятие буксира является обязательным. Судно должно иметь наготове бросательные концы, носовые и кормовые продольные концы, шпринги и прижимные концы. Судно должно иметь свои кранцы (10 -- 12 штук).

К причалу мы подходили очень осторожно на малом ходу. Застопорили машину, затем дали самый малый назад, чтобы погасить инерцию судна. Отдали правый якорь, судно развернулось на якоре. Начали потравливать якорь-цепь и приблизились к причалу. С бака подали бросательный конец и носовой шпринг. Затем подали на берег все остальные концы и закрепили их на пушках.

LITERATURE

Anglomar Study English. Учебное пособие для моряков. Infomar-Tech., 2004 - 369 p.

P.C. van Kluijven. The International Maritime English Programme. An English course for students at Maritime Colleges and for on-board training/Alk and Heijnen Publishers. The Netherlands, 2005 - 416 p.

Seaspeak Training Manual Pergamon Press.-Oxford, 1988 - 191 p.

Marlins. English for Seafarers. Study pack 1. Edinburgh, 2000 - 75 p.

Marlins. English for Seafarers. Study pack 2. Edinburgh, 2000 - 82 p.

Maritime English. Model course 3.17,/International Maritime Organization. Ashford Open Learning Ltd. London, 2000 - 138 p.

Стандартные фразы ИМО для общения на море - С-Пб.,1997 - 472 с.

Поваляев Г.Н. Англо-русский толковый словарь-справочник морских терминов. М, 2002 - 254 с.

Навчальне видання

ПРОФЕСШНА АНГЛШСЬКА МОВА У СУДНОВОД1НШ

Навчальний поабник англшською мовою

АВТОРИ: Монастирсъка Ольга 1гор1вна, Дорошенко Лариса Павтвна, Желтова Оксана Миколашна та ш.

Шддисано до друку 14.06.2006.

Формат 60x84/16. Пашр офсетний.Обл.вид.арк. 10,5

Тираж 100 прим. Замовлення № И6-10-06.

«Видав1нформ» ОНМА

Свщоитво ДК № 1292 вщ 20.03.2003

65029, г. Одеса, ул. Д1др1хсона, 8, корп. 7, п. 206

Тел./факс (0482) 34-14-12

publish@ma.odessa.ua

Министерство образования и науки Украины ОДЕССКАЯ НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ МОРСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ

ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК В СУДОВОЖДЕНИИ

УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ

(Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Украины

в качестве учебного пособия для курсантов и студентов специальности

«Судовождение» высших учебных заведений,

письмо Лг 1.4/18 - Г-26 от 12.05.2006)

Одесса-2007

1.432.1 Л 84 8И. 111(075): 656.61

5торы; О.И. Монастырская , Л.П. Дорошенко, ОН. Желтова, В.М. Иванова, Г.Г. Куян, Л.Б. Малых, О.Ф. Миронова, И.Ф. Пивоварова, Л.О. Хасанова

Профессиональный английский язык в судовождении [Текст]: учебное пособие для курсантов и студентов судоводительских специальностей морских вузов/О.И. Монастырская [и др.]; - Одесса: ОНМА, 2007. - 192 с.

Рецензенты: зав. кафедрой лексикологии и стилистики английского языка Одесского национального университета им. И.Й. Мечникова И.М. Колегаева, профессор, д.ф.н.; доцент кафедры иностранных языков Одесской национальной академии связи им. А.С. Попова Л.В. Тарасенко, к.п.н.; зав. кафедрой иностранных языков Одесского государственного экологического университета И.Ю. Пьянова, к.ф.н., доцент

В учебном пособии приведены текстовые аутентичные материалы на английском языке, связанные с приобретением курсантами и студентами навыков устной и письменной речи профессионального морского английского языка.

В учебное пособие включены лексико-грамматические упражнения, глоссарий, различные виды коммуникативных упражнений, комплекс упражнений для развития навыков аудирования и говорения в компьютерном классе.

Учебное пособие предназначено для курсантов и студентов направления подготовки 1003 «Судовождение и энергетика судов», профессиональной направленности «Судовождение», специализации «Судовождение на морских и внутренних водных путях».

© О.И. Монастырская, Л.П. Дорошенко,

О.Н. Желтова, В.М. Иванова, Г.Г. Куян,

Л.Б. Малык, О.Ф. Миронова,

ISBN 966-7591-12-3 И.Ф. Пивоварова, Л.О. Хасанова, 2006

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