Разработка системы менеджмента качества на основе CALS-технологий

And as we deal more with IT, we benefit from work already done on an operational

and industrial level (providing the next step is taken). But we should not forget that we are still, to a certain extent, in the definition phase. IT requires an incremental approach and strategy (continuous process).

The next step involving the NATO CALS Data Model and the NATO CALS Data

Dictionary (after its first fielding application) requires ALIS to go from a proposed model to the advanced model. At this point, it is time to call ALIS the Advanced

Logistics Information System vs. the Acquisition Logistics Information System. To achieve rapid and accurate evolution from proposed model to advanced model requires very strong cooperation between both industry and the military, based on their common interests.[2]

The basic international standard of this complex is ISO 10303 STEP1. This standard is used during design of products for the possibility of unified description of the product in different fields. For the description of the data a special programming language EXPRESS is used.

Within the framework of the STEP standard, attempt to create unified information models (ontologies) of a number of applications has been made. These models are called applied protocols. STEP is an aggregate of standards consisting of several parts. Parts are numbered and are designated, for example, ISO 10303-11. To date, more than 500 parts were developed, and some of them have the status of projects, which, at the moment, are applied protocols of STEP standard, and some parts have already been approved as ISO standards.

The main advantages of ISO 10303 are its compatibility with the standards of 9000 (Quality Management System) and ISO 14000 (environmental management system), support systems such as CAD / CAM and PDM, as well as the obvious focus on the creation of unified information space in the global system of trucking industry. [3]

1.2 Preconditions for implementation of CALS

The advantages of using CALS technologies and standards:

· Parallel implementation of complex projects by several working groups (parallel engineering) in the stages of design and manufacturing in order to save time which is required for product development;

· Reducing the number of errors, which leads to decline in the required deadlines for the implementation of projects and a significant improvement of quality;

· Tools and techniques of information support can be extended to post-production stages of the life cycle of products;

· Improved communication between the companies that are involved in the process lifecycle management.

CALS technologies influence on economic performance:

· Cost - cutting on the processes of technical preparation and development of new products;

· Significant reduction in the time required to bring innovative products to market;

· Reduction in proportion of defective items and costs;

· Increased volumes of sales of those products which are equipped with electronic technical documentation conforming to the requirements of international standards;

· Cost - cutting for maintenance and repair of products at the expense of improving the quality of information support for staff.

Adaptation of CALS standards in the enterprise includes:

· Reformation of the number of processes in the enterprise at all stages of design, construction, pre-production, procurement, production management;

· Use of innovative technologies;

· Sharing of data obtained at different stages of the product life cycle;

· Use of international standards in the field of information technology for successful combined use and management of information.

The first stage of improvement of information infrastructure is inventory of all automated systems used to support and improving existing processes. The analysis of these systems must determine at what stage of the lifecycle they are presented, which systems to keep and which systems to replace, or redevelop.

At the analysis stage it is necessary to find out current condition of systems and infrastructure, used by participants of the virtual enterprise, which include customers, partners, suppliers and other participants of logistic chain, and also to consider the question regarding future plans of partners and their approaches to standardization.

Having a reliable information about the automated systems used at the enterprise, volume of data, necessary for the general use, having knowledge of the key systems of partners, customers and suppliers, it is possible to begin the designing of future architecture of the extended enterprise.

Design of architecture includes a choice of hardware, network infrastructure and the software necessary for support of advanced processes and new style of work.

One of the essential components of architecture is the application software. The main recommendations concerning the choice and the improvement of the applied software are:

· The use of open systems which facilitate an exchange and sharing of information;

· The highest possible level of integration between systems both within the organization, and with external participants, in the circumstances when degree of integration and speed of its implementation must be determined by CALS strategy;

· The use of commercial software products, which are allowed use and provide results of works in a standard way.

During the development of architecture of information system it is necessary to consider all applied software used at creation, combined use of information and it's management.

For a data control the PDM STEP SUITE project is used, which was based on the ISO 10303 STEP standard. The project provides means of the structure description of a product, data control concerning product, management of the project, technological streams and management of a product configuration, etc. In PDM the variety of types of design data is maintained by their classification and the corresponding allocation of groups with characteristic sets of attributes. Such groups of data are aspects of the description, i.e. the description of products from the various points of view. For the majority of mechanical engineering CADs, characteristic aspects are the properties of components and assemblies (these data are called Bill of Materials -- BOM), models and their documentary expression (the main examples are drawings, 3D visualization models, net representations for the final analysis, text descriptions), the structure of products that reflects correlations between components and assemblies and their descriptions in different groups.[4]

As a consequence of large volume of design data and existence of a number of versions of the projects, PDM should have the highly developed system of search of the necessary data by inputting a various criteria. Nowadays, the most well-known PDM-systems are ENOVIА and SmаrTeаm (Dessаult Systemes), Teаmcenter (Unigrаphics Solutions), Windchill (PTC), mySАP PLM (SАP), BааnPDM (BААN).

1.3 Quality management system based on the CALS - technologies

Aleniа Аeronаuticа («Аleniа Spаzio», «Аleniа Space») is the aircraft building and astronautics corporation, structural division of Finmeccanica, one of the largest holdings in Italy, which carries out orders in the sphere of defense, energetics, helicopter engineering, telecommunication and transport. It was established since 1990 in market, by allocation of spheres which are engaged in aerospace and military development. Alenia Aeronautica, a Finmeccanica company, develops its role as global aeronautical player active in the military and civil markets by continuously increasing its ability to design, build, integrate and support complex systems and by grasping the opportunities for selective partnerships offered by evolving scenarios and growing markets. The Alenia Aeronautica product portfolio includes proprietary products like the C-27J, the only true modern tactical airlifter available today worldwide, or the ATR42MP and ATR72ASW, special mission aircraft developed for maritime patrol roles. The company also plays key roles in world-class programs like Eurofighter Typhoon, the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter and the Neuron European UCAV demonstrator. It also plays leading roles in commercial aircraft, designing and building advanced aerostructures for state of the art airliners including the Airbus A380 and Boeing 787 Dreamliner. 
Its subsidiaries include Alenia Aermacchi, the world leader in training aircraft, and Alenia Aeronavali, the respected overhaul and modification specialist. In an equal-share joint venture with EADS, Alenia Aeronautica owns ATR, which dominates the regional turboprop market, and has recently started a fruitful partnership with the Russian company Sukhoi to develop and market the Superjet 100, the most advanced and environmentally friendly regional jet available on the market. 
Alenia Aeronautica also controls Alenia North America, Alenia Hellas, Alenia Composite, Quadrics, Alenia SIA and Superjet International. Its other international joint ventures and consortia include Global Aeronautica and GMAS in the USA, and Eurofighter.[7] Alenia Aeronautica is one of the largest European corporations in the aerospace industry, with full development of system and possibility of integration in the most advanced areas. The global corporation in the world market of the aviation industry includes:

· Strengthening of commercial actions in the segments with consolidation, leaning on the existing and acquired latest developments;

· Strengthening of positioning in a regional segment;

· Strengthening of the positions in invention of the pilotless aircraft.

The company provides complex support on worldwide delivery of services:

· Provision of complex logistic support services for domestic and foreign clients for the patented products;

· Support and provision of the training services for foreign customers on the patented products.

The Siemens PLM Software company is Siemens Automation and Drives subdivision, the world leader in delivery of the software and services in management of lifecycle of products. It declared that the leading Italian aerospace company Alenia Aeronautica after careful analysis has chosen Teamcenter system, which is the most popular in the world complex PLM-solution, as a platform on management of product's life cycle. The Teamcenter system will replace solutions, which were earlier applied in the company that will lower costs of the software. The Teamcenter system will allow the Alenia Aeronautica to unify procedures of preparation of production on the basis of unified storage of knowledge about the product and to eliminate disagreements between constructive and technological design. The initial purposes of the project are: the organization of collaboration of all performers, management of product's performance and integration with production. The Teamcenter system provides fast exchange of design-technological information between hundreds of employees in different departments that will allow Alenia Aeronautica to standardize development procedures. This new solution will eliminate disagreements between design and technological divisions and will allow the exchange of information concerning the product within an extensive network of users in Italy as well as that abroad. The Teamcenter system promotes adoption of innovations and productivity growth at enterprises by the access of experts to a unified source of knowledge regarding product and technological processes. The reliable set of solutions on management of product's lifecycle, realized in Teamcenter, is based on the open PLM-platform, which supports the PLM technology for end users. The Teamcenter system, which has been chosen by Alenia Aeronautica, strengthens world leadership of the Siemens PLM Software company in the aerospace field and expands its client base. Knowledge and development of the company projects are its assets, which provide the opportunity to safely look forward and have competitive advantages. Management of this knowledge and their use are the main integrity of a control system of engineering and business processes. Technical solutions of ISO 10303 STEP are based on concepts of collective work and thorough design. These are master-model technologies on which basis, business processes are built at all stages of product's life cycle. The application of CALS-technologies on the basis of ISO 10303 STEP is a step to considerable economy and acquisition of additional profit, that's the reason why such technologies are widely used in the industry of the developed countries. The following aspects will be developed at the enterprise: fast response to the change of a market situation, reduction of the expenses (liquidation of complex operations on duplication of data, a significant reduction of volume of paper-based carriers); improvement of quality and especially reliability of the product (reduction of defective products at all stages of product's life cycle). For successful application of CALS-technologies, "internal" preconditions are necessary, such as readiness of the management and the enterprise personnel for implementation of CALS-technologies, and also existence of necessary computer equipment, the network hardware, and software.